Tester AMT105 Manual

Four wires with 4 pin female Phoenix connectors

Current connectors

Voltage connectors

Ribbon cables

Neutrik board

Back panel

Front panel

Switching module

Complete side of switching module

Incomplete side of switching module

Amplifier module

Ø  Complete side of amplifier module

Incomplete side of amplifier module

Case

To assemble the device, you must first install the back panel on the case. Stand the case in front of you, in a way that the power socket is on your right side. Connect one of the earth wires to the power socket and the other one to the earth socket.

The amplifier module is placed into the case where the racks are less spaced (opposite to the input power socket).

The complete side of the amplifier goes to the case wall. The edges of the module should be placed inside the 4 racks.

Insert the module up to 5 cm to the end of the case, then take the fan wire from the back of the Spacer and connect the socket to the amplifier then push the module to the bottom of the case.

Note: make sure that the fan wire is not under any modules or inside the fan.

The incomplete side of the switching module (the one that only has a command board) should be on the side of the case’s wall, so that the Ethernet, USB, RS232, Wi-Fi and GPS ports are downward and placed in the rear panel.

Insert the module up to 5 cm to the end of the case, then take the fan wire from the back of the Spacer and connect the socket to the switching module finally push the module to the bottom of the case.

By shaking the GPS port, the switching module must be fully placed at the bottom of the case.

Ethernet and USB socket must be 1 to 2 mm away from the back of the case. If the socket of the Ethernet and USB are stuck, In case ports are stuck shaking them allows them to come out from the back panel.

Note: make sure that the fan wire is not under any modules or inside the fan.

Before installing the front panel, check that the varnished wire connected to the back panel is completely straight.

Connect the two heads of wires that come from the back panel to the zero side of the power switch on the panel.

The guards must be faced outwards so that they can be easily opened.

First, connect two 2 pin female Phoenix connectors to the incomplete board of the switching modules. Connect the other side to the switching modules.

Connect one side of the corresponding power cord to 1 key and connect the Phoenix side to the incomplete switching switchboard.

First, on the left side, connect the corresponding Phoenixes to the amplifier. You should first connect the two 16 pin Phoenixes and then connect the two 5 pin Phoenixes.

Then install the appropriate phoenixes to the right side of the amplifier.

First, turn the device in a way that its socket is to your left and the Neutrik board is placed between the amplifier phoenixes so that its socket is to your right. The socket connects to the complete board of amplifier.

The holder is placed half way on the 6 pin Phoenix voltage connectors. Connecting the voltage 6 pin Phoenix on which the holder is placed to the switching and put the holder in place.

2 pin female Phoenix connectors with shorter wires) red and black) should be connected to the upper 2 pin male Phoenix connectors.

3 pin female Phoenix connectors with shorter wires) red, black and blue (should be connected to the lower 3 pin male Phoenix connectors.

Tip: Before placing the phoenixes on the amplifier, place the corresponding holders on phoenixes.

First, put a holder on the 8 pin current Phoenix (blue wire) and connect the internal 8 pin Phoenix to the incomplete switching board.

Connect the 4 pin blue longer Phoenix holder to the second male Phoenix from the bottom. Connect the 4 pin blue shorter Phoenix holder to the first male Phoenix from the bottom.

Put a holder on the 4 pin current Phoenix (black wire) and connect it to the incomplete switching board. Connect the 4 pin black male Phoenix to the first male Phoenix from the top.

Put an 8 pin Phoenix (red wire) current and connect it to the 8 pin male Phoenix of the incomplete switching board.

Connect the 4 pin female Phoenix with longer red wire holder to the second male Phoenix from the top. Connect the 4 pin female Phoenix with a shorter red wire holder to the third male Phoenix from the top. Then assemble all the current and voltage wires with a cable tie wrap.

This ribbon cable connects the entire side of the switching range to the full range of the amplifier.

Connect the holder from one side to the IDC and connect it to the IDC by using a screwdriver or one forceps.

Connect the incomplete cable to the complete side of the switching module.

Holders must be placed on the rails and the two slots embedded on them should be placed on the module and the original board. Each holder is closed and tightened by 2 screws 16.5×2 soaked in a special screw along with a ribbon gasket on the holder and middle rails.

Place the micro holder on the middle rail on the one side and its two pins must be placed on the lower rails of the case on the other side.

This holder is connected to the body of the case from one side using bolts, nuts and 8×4 flat washers. The slots embedded on this holder, on the other side, are connected to the amplifier and the neutrik board. The neutrik board on this holder is fastened by a special glued 8×3nut to a bolt and a spring washer.

This holder is connected to the wall of the case on one side and connected to the body of the case using bolts, screw washers, and a 8×4 flat. The other side is connected to the module and main switching.

Place the 2*10 holder on a ribbon cable and push it slightly towards the IDC.

The 2 connected wires to the case must be connected to the complete switching module and the incomplete side of the amplifier module.

Connect the 6 pin Phoenix voltage cable on the holder to the switching module and put the holder in its place.

First, connect the 8 pin black Phoenix wire with its holder to the complete switching module.

Then connect the 4 pin black Phoenix wire with its holder to the complete switching module.

In the end, connect the 8 pin red Phoenix wire with its holder to the complete switching module.

The female Phoenix connector with a shorter wire on the holder should be connected to the lower 3 pin male Phoenix connector. The female Phoenix connector with a longer wire on the holder should be connected to the upper 3 pin male Phoenix connector.

First, connect the 4 pin blue female Phoenix with longer wire on the holder to the second 4 pin male Phoenix connector from the bottom. Connect the 4 pin blue female Phoenix with shorter wire on the holder to the first 4 pin male Phoenix connector from the bottom.

Connect the 4 pin black female Phoenix with shorter wire on the holder to the first 4 pin male Phoenix connector from the top. Connect the 4 pin red female Phoenix connector with longer wire on the holder to the second 4 pin male Phoenix connector from the top.

Connect the 4 pin red female Phoenix connector with shorter wire on the holder to the third 4 pin male Phoenix connector from the top.

Then assemble all the current and voltage wires with a tie wrap.

The connector of this cable is approximately in the middle and below the front panel. First, connect the switching side to the switching module, then attach the uncompressed part to the IDC Latch on the panel and close the guards.

On IDC connected to the switching module, install a high legged holder IDC and connect the two sides of the holder base to both sides of the IDC.

When connecting the ribbon cable, pay attention to the IDC cable and the groove on the IDC modules.

Holders must be placed on the rails and the two slots embedded on them should be placed on the module and the original board. Each holder is closed and tightened by 2 screws 16.5×2 soaked in a special screw glue along with a flat washer on the holder and middle rails.

This holder is connected to the wall of the case on one side and connected to the body of the case using bolts, screw and flat washers and an 8×4 flat. The other side is connected to the module and main switching.

This holder is connected to the body of the case from one side using bolts, nuts and 8×4 flat washers. The slots embedded on this holder, on the other side, are connected to the amplifier and the neutrik board. The neutrik board on this holder is fastened by a special glued 8×3nut to a bolt and a spring washer. Turnover the device on in a way that the back panel is facing upwards.

The door with four legs must be installed underneath the device and the leg-less door is installed on the top. Place the walls in the lower grooves (grooves are on the front panel frame).

On both sides of the case, two long earth wires have been attached to the body. Connect each side to its door, pull the wire a little with a small force to make sure that they are tight and steady.

Place the doors and install the legs in place; two star screws must be tightened on each side. You need a star screwdriver to tighten the screws.

First, turn the device upside down so that the base are upwards, we then open the case base using Allen wrench 3. After separating the base, separate the 4 screws connected to the case doors.

Now the case doors are released and we need to remove the earth cables that are attached to the door.

Next, put the base in its own place then open the nuts for the GPS antenna and the dongle port and return the case over.

Now open the 14 screws in the front panel then release the green connectors attached to the panel (Phoenix).

After phoenixes, it is time to release the flat panel cable and the toggle is pulled from the sides of the free cable, separated from the panel. In the next step, we release the 4 sockets attached to the key and 1 socket attached to the earth panel, now the front panel comes out of the case easily.

First, we remove the cable (earth). To remove the cables, you must first cut all belt clamps. Separate the holders attached to the phoenixes, then remove the latched flat cable by pressing the toggles.

In the next step, to separate the holder related the Neutrik, use Allen wrench 3, two screws attached to the holder, box wrench 5.5, open the nut attached to the holder and remove the screw attached to the right switch bracket. Remove the twin screws with Allen wrench 3.

The blue and brown wires are then connected to each side of the circuit, first cutting the bracket and then the phoenix 2-pin connector.

Open the 4 holders on the middle rail using allen wrench 2 and then go to the other side of the device and seprate the 2 earth cables from the device and release the holder related to the flat at the bottom of the device on the right side using a screwdriver. Seprate the other side that has a latch by releasing the latch from the device.

Cut the belt clamps, releasing cables from Phoenix using a screwdriver.

In the next step, release the flat cable holders attached to the switch, pull the flat back and separat it.

Disconnect the Neutrik board connected to the amplifier and open the 2 Neutrik holder that is attached to the case body using Allen wrench 3 and the nut under the Neutrik board with a 5.5 box wrench.

Remove the flat panel holder then release the flat, finally, open the holder that connects the switching to the case by 2 screws with Allen wrench 3 and separate it.

Open the screws for 4 holders on the middle rail using Allen wrench 2; then open the screw on the micro holder with Allen wrench 2 and remove the holder.

Finally, all the cables and screws are opened; the amplifier and switching module are freed and the fan sockets are released once ejected and easily removed from the case.

In order to remove the device from the suitcase, by pressing the push button, the handle of the device should be placed in a 45 degree angle and taken out of the case.

To change the status of handle of the device, it is necessary to press the side buttons of the device simultaneously and then the status should be changed. Once the device is positioned on the intended surface, the handle of the device can be put on the device by pressing the push button.

Also, it is possible for the handle to be positioned beneath the device so it could be used as a stand for the device. In addition, the bases that are installed under the device can be used for this purpose.

At the bottom of the device are the air conditioning grooves and it is crucial to consider that, while positioning the device, these grooves must not be blocked under any circumstances.

The front panel of the device consists of the outputs, inputs, device status lights, and the on/off power button.

If the green light of the main relay is on, it means that all main switches of the device are on.

If the green light of “CONNECTED” is on, it means that the device is correctly connected to the software via PC or mobile phone.

If the red light of “ERROR” is on, it means that there is a problem with the device and it has stopped working. As long as the problem is not resolved, this light will remain on and the device will not work.

The two voltage groups A and B allow the user to receive up to 150^V AC and 212V DC in all four phases simultaneously with a precision of 10^mV with a maximum current of 0.4^A AC and 0.6^A DC as well as up to 2^A in transient mode. By changing the wiring, it is possible to receive up to 450^V single-phase AC from the device. Also, it is possible to increase the output voltage and provide the user with a 150^V AC with a maximum current of 0.8^A by changing the wiring and paralleling the two current sources.

The two current groups A and B allow the user to receive up to 32^A in all six phases simultaneously or three-phase 64^A. Moreover, by changing the wiring, it is possible to receive up to 128 single-phase amperes from the device.

At the “Auxiliary DC” output, a DC voltage as high as 0 to 212^V is permanently adjustable. This voltage is independent of the test and can be used to switch on other devices such as relays.

This is where the integrated cable is connected. The amount of the current and the output voltage of this port are the same as the amounts of the current and voltage ports that have been described earlier.

The analog inputs of the device are capable of receiving both analog and digital signals. All 8 inputs can be active simultaneously. Other than reading them, these inputs can show the waveform of voltage in three voltage levels of 4.5, 30 and 188^V with the precision of 1, 3 and 10^mV.

The “Analog DC Input” section is capable of measuring voltages up to 200^mV with a precision of 50^µV and current up to 500^mA with a precision of 50^µA.

Generally, the back of the device consists of various components including:

Earth port

Fuse

Power supply

RS232 port

USB port type A

GPS

USB port type B

LAN and Wi-Fi switches

Ethernet port

This port is used to protect the earth connection and the earth cable of the device is connected to this port.

In this section, in order to protect the device, a 15A and 250V fuse is used.

The power supply port is located here. The power cord of the device is plugged to this port.

The RS232 port is mainly used for resetting the IP and updating the firmware. To do this, the RS232 dongle, which is a part of the equipment of the device, needs to be connected to this port. Then, the necessary operation, described in the following animations, needs to be performed.

In this section, by using the switch, the communication protocol between the device and laptop is selected. If the switch is up, the connection is via Wi-Fi and if the switch is down, the connection is via LAN. The LAN port located under this switch is used for the mentioned communication. The laptop settings for connecting a laptop to the device are described in the following animations.

The GPS antenna, which is used for time synchronization of two devices for performing a longitudinal test, is connected to this part.

Inside the black bag comes with a one-way wire-to-female connection, a lizard clip, a 30 cm test wire, a 10 cm test wire and a 4 mm test socket, and a belt clamp and a test socket 4 mm in diameter.

Other pieces of equipment that come with the device are communication cables which are used for communicating with the relay and injecting voltage or current. This side of the cable which has a fixed head is connected to the device and the head on the other side which has a dynamic plastic guard is connected to the equipment.

LAN cable

The blue cable, shown, is used to connect the device to a laptop.

Earth cable

The cable is the ground (earth) wire where its place of connection to the device was shown earlier. While one side of this cable is connected to the device, the other side, where the crocodile clip is attached, is connected to the location of the ground connection.

The black cable on the right is the power cable and the one on the left is the GPS antenna cable. This antenna is used for End to End tests. The GPS antenna is used for time synchronization of two devices to performe a longitudinal test.

Serial Dongle:

This dongle is used to reset the device. The 2nd and 3rd pins of this dongle are interconnected, so if the dongle cannot be accessed, the device can be reset by connecting the 2nd and 3rd pins to the RS232 port located on the back of the device.

Capacitor box

In this capacitor set, there are 3 capacitors (10000μF) which are used as a filter in equipment tests.

Integrated or Neutrik cable

This cable has 6 output wires on one end and a single part on the other which is connected to the device. To plug this cable, first insert the tab of the combination cable as it is shown in the image. Then, after the Neutrik cable is inserted, spin it to the right until the metal pin fits into its place. To unplug the Neutrik cable, pull the tab and spin it to the left. After the spin is complete, it can be removed.

There are several labels attached to the sides of the device. The first label includes contact information for device support.

The second label includes the serial number and technical information of the device.

Soft bag/ Backpack

This case is designed for convenient transportation of the device.

To place it inside the case, the device must be standing perpendicular to the surface. Then it can be placed in the case and after that, the case can be closed.

At the front and back of the case, there are pockets where the equipment of the device can be placed.

Inside the backpack, along with the device, there are three 7-meter cables and 8 clamps for testing transformers and circuit breakers, as well as several clamps to hold the connection between the cables.

In this video, we’ll carry out a comparative analysis of the hardware features of several models from Vebco’s product line: AMT105, AMT205, AMT103, and AMT203.

Voltage Sources: Starting with the AMT105, this device is equipped with two voltage groups: one three-phase group rated at 150 volts, and one single-phase group also rated at 150 volts. In total, it provides four 150-volt sources, each capable of delivering up to 500 milliamps per phase. The minimum sampling rate for measuring real-time values in this device is 1.2 milliseconds. This applies both to the applied voltage and the drawn current, ensuring accurate and timely data acquisition. Additionally, the AMT105 includes an independent DC voltage source with a maximum output of 212 volts. This DC source operates separately from the other voltage outputs, allowing for greater flexibility in various testing scenarios.

In contrast, the AMT205 device offers two groups of three-phase 300-volt voltage outputs, each with a maximum amplitude of 1.2 amperes. The sampling rate for measuring actual values is at least 25 microseconds, which applies to both the supplied voltage and the drawn current. These voltage sources can be converted into 1.2-ampere current sources, capable of providing up to 300 volts of electrical potential for current injection. This feature enables the device to inject extremely small currents — as low as 20 microamperes — with high precision. The device does not include a separate DC source, so if a DC source is required, the user must dedicate one of the six available phases to that purpose.

Current Sources: The AMT105 device includes two groups of 32-ampere current outputs, each capable of supplying 12 volts per phase. The sampling rate for measuring the actual values from these sources is at least 1.2 milliseconds, and it is used to monitor the drawn current.

In contrast, the AMT205 device includes two groups of 32-ampere current outputs, each capable of supplying 22 volts per phase. The sampling rate for measuring actual values from these sources is at least 25 microseconds, and is used to monitor both the injected current and the voltage supplied by the device. These current sources can be converted into 22-volt voltage sources with a maximum current of 32 amperes. This feature allows the device to apply very small voltages — as low as 40 microvolts — with high precision.

The Neutrik port on the AMT105 device provides three-phase voltage and three-phase current outputs for use in impedance and directional testing. It can also be reconfigured into six current phases for differential testing.

However, on the AMT205 device, the Neutrik port provides only three-phase voltage and three-phase current outputs for impedance and directional testing, and does not support reconfiguration.

The AMT105 device includes eight binary/analog inputs, which can operate in either DRY (binary) mode or WET (analog) mode. In analog mode, the device supports three input voltage ranges: 4.5 volts, 30 volts, and 188 volts. The sampling rate for measuring values can be selected starting from 400 microseconds and higher. Naturally, as the measurement range increases, the accuracy tends to decrease.

The AMT205 device also features eight binary inputs, which can operate in both DRY (binary) and WET (analog)modes. However, unlike the AMT105, in addition to the 4.5-volt, 30-volt, and 188-volt ranges, it also includes a 500-volt range. The sampling rate for measuring values can be selected from 12.5 microseconds and above. As expected, when the measurement range increases, the accuracy of the measurement tends to decrease.

The AMT105 device includes two AC/DC analog inputs: one dedicated solely to current measurement, with a maximum range of 750 milliamperes, and the other dedicated to voltage measurement, with a maximum range of 400 millivolts. The sampling rate for measuring values can be selected from 400 microseconds and above.

The AMT205 device also includes two AC/DC analog inputs, but with extended capabilities. For current measurement, it offers four selectable ranges: 250 microamperes, 39 milliamperes, 750 milliamperes, and 10 amperes. For voltage measurement, it provides four ranges as well: 10 millivolts, 50 millivolts, 120 millivolts, and 400 millivolts. The sampling rate for measuring values can be selected from 12.5 microseconds and above. These inputs offer higher precision, especially when measuring smaller signals.

The AMT105 device features four binary outputs with relay switches, where neither the switch type nor current measurement can be changed.

In contrast, the AMT205 device also includes four binary outputs, but with the option to select between transistor-types and relay-type switches. The relay type offers higher current capacity but has a slower switching speed, while the transistor type provides very high switching speed but can handle lower current levels. A key advantage of the AMT205 is that its binary outputs can measure current, a capability not available in the AMT105.

The AMT205 device can be connected to a laptop via both LAN and Wi-Fi. Thanks to its support for IEC 61850 testing, the device is equipped with three LAN ports, which can be used to create a ring connection between the device and two other IED systems.

The AMT105 device also supports connection via LAN and Wi-Fi, but it does not support IEC 61850 testing and includes only one LAN port.

The AMT103 device shares the same technical specifications as the AMT105, with a few key differences: it includes four 150-volt voltage sources and three 32-ampere current sources, and it does not have an independent DC source. The number of binary/analog inputs has been reduced from 8 to 4, and on the Neutrik port, the number of voltage and current sources is fixed at three voltage outputs and three current outputs.

The AMT203 device shares the same technical specifications as the AMT205, with a few key differences: it includes four 300-volt voltage sources and three 32-ampere current sources. Additionally, the number of binary/analog inputs has been reduced from 8 to 4.

Vebko software is provided in two versions: "Stable" and "Test". The "Test" version includes the latest software changes and, as the name suggests, is an experimental version that may contain software bugs. Once these bugs are resolved, a "Stable" version is released, which addresses software issues and can be used with ease, though it may not include all features of the Test version. Note that both "Test" and "Stable" versions can be installed simultaneously without any issues. To download the latest "Test" and "Stable" versions, visit www.vebko.org and go to the Software section.

Before installing the software, it should be noted that if a version of the software is already installed on the system, there is no need to uninstall it before installing the new version, as this process will be automatically handled by the new version of the software.

To download the software version, first enter the device's Serial Number in the Serial Number section to display the compatible version based on the microprocessor used in your device.

By clicking on the + icon, previous versions are displayed, and by clicking on the download icon, the desired version will be downloaded.

After downloading the software, to install it, run the Test.exe file.

Now, in the opened window, check the "I agree" option and click "Install". Note that installing the "AMPro" software takes a few seconds. If you click "Run", the software will be executed. Before starting to work with the software and to complete the installation steps, on the main page of the software, in the "Security" section, click "Open Source Location" to open the location where the software is installed. On this page, right-click on the "AMPro Application.exe" file, select "Properties", go to the "Compatibility" tab, and check "Run this program as an administrator". Then, right-click on the "AMPro APP Launcher.exe" file, go to the "Compatibility" tab, and check "Run this program as an administrator".

After running the software, in the Settings window, check the "Auto Detect Hardware Config" option so that the device configuration is automatically set when connecting to the device.

This translation aims to preserve the technical details and instructions while ensuring clarity and accuracy in English for power engineering field engineers who need to understand the process clearly.

In order to be able to perform various tests with the device, it is necessary to connect to it via a laptop or computer. Before starting the device, the earth wire from the back of the device needs to be connected. Note that if the outlet is grounded, there is no need to connect the ground wire from the back of the device. Then, the power cord is connected to the specified location on the back of the device. After connecting the power cord, the power button on the front of the device is pressed and the device turns on. As the device turns on, 8 binary input lights (on the bottom row) and 2 analog DC input lights (on the top right) turn on.

There are two ways to connect to the device: Wi-Fi and LAN. The switch on the back of the device is adjusted according to the connection type. To switch the LAN connection, one end of the LAN cable is connected to the device and the other end is connected to the laptop. When the device and the laptop are properly connected and the switch is changed from Wi-Fi to LAN, the LAN port light of the device and the laptop turn on. The setting for the connection of the LAN port is set only once for each computer before the first connection. To set these settings, go to the "Control Panel" and open "Network and Sharing Center".

On this window, by clicking on "Change Adapter Setting" another window opens. There are several sections on this window. To change the LAN settings, double click on "Ethernet". Click on “Internet Protocol Version 4” in the opened window. On this window, enter 192.168.1.20 in the "IP Address" field and then close the window. Then, open the "AMPRO" software. By clicking on "Setting" on the start page of the software, a new window opens.

On this window, enter the last three digits of the serial number of the device in the fourth part of the IP field. To connect to the device, click on “CONNECT”. If a new version is connected to the device, the "Firmware" of the device will be updated once and after the green bar is filled, the device will be connected in a few seconds. To connect via Wi-Fi, the switch on the back of the device needs to be set on “Wi-Fi”. Then, from the "Wi-Fi" in quick launch bar on the laptop, find and select the Wi-Fi connection of the device. The password for this connection is the serial number available from the label attached to the side of the device. Once the connection is complete, click on “Setting” on the start page of the software. On this page, enter the last two digits of the serial number of the deivce in the fourth part of the "I" field. To connect to the device, click on “CONNECT”.

The user can view all devices that are, through different protocols, connected to the laptop on the "Available Devices" tab on the "Preferences" page. By clicking on "Start Search", after a few seconds, the list of network adaptor options of the system will appear in the "Interfaces" slider.

By clicking on any network adaptor, the list of devices connected to the laptop, as well as all their connection information, will be displayed. If the user does not know the name of their network adaptor, they should go to the "Control Panel" page and click on "Network and Sharing Center". Then, on the left side of this page, they should click on "Change Adapter Setting". If the connection cable of the device that is connected to the laptop is unstable, this instability is indicated by the connection's getting activated and deactivated on the "Network Adaptor" page.

Upon returning to the "Available Devices" page, by clicking on the currently being used "Network Adaptor", the name and IP of the device will be displayed along with its other connection information. If the user does not have access to the IP of the device, they can find it by following these steps and it will no longer be necessary for them to reset the IP of the device.

On the "Connection & Firmware" tab, the settings for the device connection, changing the IP and updating the firmware can be set. One of the features of this software is connecting to multiple devices at the same time. To do so, by clicking on the green plus button on the "AMT" tab, a new row is added to this table. On each row is the connection information which should be different from other connections.

In the case of connecting to multiple devices through one software, it should be noted that while connecting through a network adaptor", each connection must have a unique "Mac" and “IP” Address. To do this, first, you need to connect to the first device by entering its IP. Then, by clicking on the second row and entering the IP of the second device connect to it and if the "Mac" addresses are the same, make a small change in them and by clicking on "Set to AMT" apply the changes.

After properly connecting to multiple devices, by using them, multiple tests can be performed simultaneously.  For example, if the two rooms of "AMT Sequencer" and "AMT Distance" are opened, by selecting the "AMT" connection in the "AMT Sequencer" room and "AMT1" in the "AMT Distance" room, by using two devices, two tests can be performed at the same time and two relays can be tested simultaneously.

When the LEDs of all binaries are on or you do not connect to the device according to the relevant settings, you must reset the device IP using the dongle. Before resetting the device’s IP address, it is necessary to make sure that the device is turned off. Then, the RS232 dongle is connected to its specific port on the back of the device.

Upon turning on the device, you can see that, the error lights of the device will start blinking

After blinking several times, there is a pause and then the device will start blinking again. After this process is repeated for the third time, the user should turn off the device and disconnect the RS232 dongle from the back of the device

Now, the IP address of the device is reset and its serial for connecting via Wi-Fi is changed to 199. After turning on the device, to establish the connection between the device and the laptop, enter “199” in the fourth part of the IP field on the “Setting” page.

Note that if you do not have a dongle or even an RS232 port, you can use a thin wire to do it. As can be seen, it is enough to connect pins 2 and 3 with a thin wire.

To update the "Firmware" manually, first, it is necessary for the device to be turned off.

Then click on “Disconnect” in the “Preferences” screen, so that the software will not send ping to device after the device is turned on.

To get started, the RS232 dongle needs to be connected to its specific port on the back of the device Also, the device and the laptop must be connected via LAN cable.

It can be seen that, after the device turns on, the "ERROR" light in the front panel of the device starts blinking.

On the main page of the software, click on “Update Firmware in Flash Mode”.

Then, you have to wait for the green bar to get filled. After that, a message will be displayed. By clicking on “OK”, you can finish updating the “Firmware”.

Turn off the device and unplug the RS232 dongle.

There are four main tabs in the software “setting” page. The “Room” tab provides a number of features for different rooms. In the "Date-Time" section, you can select “Persian” or “Christian” as the type of the date used in the output report. By using the other three options in this section, it is possible to show the name of the month and week and milliseconds in the report.

In rooms such as "AMT-Distance" and "AMT-Overcurrent", next to each of the "Fault Types" are written numbers which show the test points, the number of passed test points, the number of failed test points, the number of test points that are outside the range of the device and the number of untested test points respectively. With this explanation, unchecking each of these options in the "Show/Hide Test Counters" will cause the number of points associated with that option not to be displayed.

In the "Report Refresh Interval" field of the "Report" section, the update time for the report is specified. In the "Report Package" section, the default settings for the "Reports" are adjusted. In the "Extra Tools" section, clicking on the " Template  Report Generator", opens the "PDF Report Creator" page where the desired test files can be imported to get a report. By clicking on "Remove Signature", the "Remove Signature from Report" page opens where, without needing to open the test files, the added signatures to the reports can be removed. In the "Template" section, the settings of the "Test Object" of the device as well as the settings related to displaying numbers in the "Decimal Places" are adjusted.

By checking the "Auto Save" option, the software saves the last changes made to the test page according to the time specified in the "Interval" field. These files are also saved in the location specified in the “Directory” box in “History” section.The maximum reserved size for these files and the maximum duration of time that these files are kept in the system is specified in the “Max Size” and “Max Time” filed, respectively,and the user is able to change these values. By unchecking any of these options, the limitation is removed as well. By doing this, if the software crashes for any reason, the test page and the user information will remain safe.

In the "Alert-Tone on Hardware Error" dropdown field, you can select an alert sound for when there is a hardware error in the device. The settings for specifying and changing the sizes of the tables of the rooms such as "Distance" and "Differential" are adjusted in the "Styles of Tables" section. You can customize the "Key Setting" section to be able to use the "Enter" key and the arrow keys to move in the cells of a table. In the "Communication Mode" section, you can choose between "Service System" and "Integrated System" for the connection between different rooms and pages of the software. "Appearance Setting of Groupbox" is designed for personalizing user interface. This setting is divided to two categories of “text” and “border”, which are used to personalizing the borders , color and text’s fonts. In the following tutorials, all of the above will be stated in detail as well as how to adjust the settings.

To Improve or modify the translation of the Vebko company's website, first, go to the address

79.127.52.162, after selecting the desired language (in this tutorial, French is used),        download the corresponding Excel file. Without changing the file name, make the desired

changes and then drag and drop the file back to the main page of the website. After entering

the Username and Password provided by the support team, the modification process will be

completed.

Please note that each section on the website has a unique ID. If you are looking for a

specific section in the Excel file and cannot find its location on the site, simply click on the

section's ID, and it will be highlighted in green for you.

Additionally, by adding ?resx=true to the end of the address, you can view the IDs related to each section.

For example, you can find 61Resx in the Default sheet of the Excel file.

It is important to note that the downloaded Excel file is organized into sheets corresponding to the site's tabs.

First, from the software's start page, go to the "Setting" window, select the "Cache" tab, and

click on "Open Roaming Directory" to be directed to the file storage window.

In the "Language" folder, open the Excel file where you can make the desired changes to the respective language. Finally, save the file with the CSV extension.

For example, in the "Circuit Breaker" room, the "Object Test" window, to change Test (s) in English, open the Excel file, make the desired changes, save the Excel file with the CSV extension, close and reopen the "Circuit Breaker" room to see the changes.

It should be noted that in the Excel file, the rows indicate the name of the respective section,

and the columns indicate the language.

In the “Templates” section, by clicking on the “Device” button, a new screen named"Device Settings" appears in which the default settings for the Device are set. If changes are made to this section, clicking on the "Save to Template" button will save these changes as a template. After confirming the setting, The user can reset the settings saved as the template, by visiting the “General Test Object” in any of the rooms and clicking on “Load Template” in ”Device Setting” screen.

Clicking on the “Decimal Places” button opens a screen named “Number of Decimal Places Settings” where the accuracy of the numbers and the number of digits visible for every parameter are determined. In the “Item Type” field, the desired section or room is selected and in the “Sample Value” field a number has been inserted as an example. The name and unit of the parameter are seen in the “Parameter Name” and “Absolute Unit” columns respectively. In the “Absolute Eng. Factor” column, the number of digits displayed is specified. For example, if number 7 is entered in this column, 7 digits of the number entered in the “Sample Value” are displayed.

All changes made on this screen are considered as default for this section in the software and applied to different rooms. For example, if "Sequencer" is selected in "Item Type" field, by making and confirming some changes in this screen, via opening “Sequencer" room and checking "Decimal Places", it can be seen that done setting considered as default. There are several audio files available in the “Alert Tone on Hardware Error” section in the “Preferences” screen which can be used as the alarm tone in case of a hardware error.

By activating the “Automatic” option in the “Style of Tables”, dimensions of table cells will be set by the software automatically. By activating the “Manual” option, the user can modify the dimensions of the cells of the tables. In this drop-down list, user chooses how table cells dimensions be set. In the “height of table cells” the height of each cell is adjusted by pixels. For example by selecting and confirming "All Cells", If you visit the “Distance” room and shot several points, you see the width of each column is equal to the title of its header and due to selecting "Manual" state its dimensions is changeable by the user. In the “Key Setting” section, by activating the “Enter like Tab in Forms” option, the user chooses “Enter” as the “Tab” key to move between the cells. By activating the “Arrow like Tab in Forms” option, the user chooses to move between the cells in the tables by using the arrow keys.

By selecting “Service System” in the “Communication Mode” section, each of the rooms on the first screen of the software, if opened, will launch as a separate exe file and each window will be used independently from the windows of other rooms which will reduce the use of system resources; however, by selecting the “Integrated System” option, if several rooms are running simultaneously, all of them will be running in the same exe file. In this case, in addition to using more system resources, if a window is running in one of the rooms, the other rooms and screens of the software will not be usable.

In the “Room” tab and in the “Report” section, the time of updating the reports in the rooms, if any changes happen, it indicates in the “Report Refresh Interval” field. For example, the test information is checked every five seconds and if there is any change the report is updated. In this section, by clicking on the “Setting” button a new window named “Report Setting” is opened. In “Item Type” the default settings can be specified to get the report from a specific room or screen.

The elements that can be added to the report by the user are located in the “Report Setting” section of this window. By checking the main option, the user can add all the subsets to their output report. If the user chooses only some of the subsets of the main option, the square sign next to the main option will be displayed as a half-filled square. In the column next to the "Report Setting" section, the user can select HTML or PDF as the format of the report preview.

By clicking on the "Advance" button, the screen is displayed more extensively, and more settings can be applied to the report. By checking each of these categories, their subcategory is opened and the needed settings can be applied. At the top of this screen, there are options used for saving the applied settings and using them again later.

For instance, if “Sequencer” is selected in the “Item Type” and some specific settings are set at default and confirmed, after entering the “Sequencer” room, selecting the “Report View” option from “View” menu and reviewing the “Report Setting” section and then selecting “Load from Template” option, you will see that the same settings are set at default for this section as well. In the "Extra Tools" section, the user is allowed to click on the "Report Generator" button and get a report on the saved test files without needing to open them. After clicking on this button, a screen called "PDF Report Creator" opens. On this screen, the user can select their test files to get a report on by clicking on the “Select Input Files” button. For example, the first two files are selected. The user can, also, by clicking on the “Select Input Folders”, select a folder including several test files. and insert them into the “Files” section. For example, “Vebko Test Files” folder is selected. By clicking on the “Clear” button, the files inserted for getting a report can be removed from the list.

By selecting the “Open Folder after Creating PDF” option in the “Other Setting” section, the folder where the file is saved will be displayed right after the report is made. In the “Output” section, by selecting the “Save Report in File Directory” option, the report files can be saved at the same directory as where the files are imported from. If the “Save all Report to Selected Directory” option is selected, the user can select a specific directory and save all their reports in that directory.

There are two options available in the “Overwrite File” section. In order to clarify this issue with an example, a file is imported for getting a report. By selecting the “Bypass Existing PDFs” option, if they’re already exists a report on a file in the selected directory, the software does not make another report on that file. The appearance of this screen is due to the prior selection of the “Open Folder after Creating PDF” option which can be disabled. By selecting the “Overwrite Existing PDFs”, the new report replaces the previous one.

In the “Report Setting” section, by selecting the “Load Report Setting from File” option, it is specified that for making the reports, the setting from the loaded files should be used. By selecting the “Load Report Setting From Template” option, the settings which are saved in the Template file will be used for making the reports. In the “Device Setting” section, by selecting the “Load Device Setting from File” option, it is specified that for making the reports, the Device setting from the loaded files will be used, while in the same section, by selecting the “Load Device Setting from Template” option the settings which are saved in the Template file will be used for making the reports. By selecting the “Include Test Object Active Test” option in the “Report Setting of Instrument” section, if a report is made on the Instrument test files, the information existing in the “Test Object” tab will be included in the report under any circumstances.

By selecting “Include Last Active Test” option, the previously saved equipment test files and the last performed test which has not been cleared by the user, by selecting “Add to Report” radio-button the report of that test is added to the report as well but if the user has added the test result to the output report, by selecting “Bypass When Added To Report” radio-button, the software does not add the test result to the output report again.

By clicking on the “Remove Signature” button in the “Extra Tools” section on the “Preferences” screen, a new screen named “Remove Signature from Report” appears in which the user can remove the existing signatures from the reports on their desired files. On this screen, by clicking on the “Select Input Files” button, the user selects their files for removing the signature. By clicking on the “Select Input Folder” button, the user can select a folder containing several report files and import all of these files into this list altogether. After the report files have been added to the list, by clicking on the “Modify” button, the existing signatures in the report will be deleted along with the framework around the report as well as the added names to the signature.

In the "Directory" tab, the default paths for saving files are specified. By clicking on any of the file formats, this default path can be changed. For example, by double-click on "AMPro-Distance Report Files", its path can be changed to desktop. To save the existing report file, open "Report View" in the "Distance” room and click on the “Export Report”. It is seen that the saving path is located on the desktop.

By checking the squares in the “Remember Last Location” column, it is specified that if the user chooses another path while storing the file, the software should remember that path. For example, if you open the “Distance” room, and set the report file saving path on drive “C” and save the file and then if you try to save the file again you can see that the saving path has been changed to that folder.

By clicking on the “Restore Selected to Defaults” button in the “Preferences” tab, the changes made to the squares in the “Remember Last Location” column are restored and reset to the default settings. For example if three squares become unchecked and two of them be selected. By clicking on "Restore Selected to Defaults" it's seen that these squares are gotten back to default state.

By clicking on the “Reset to Default” button, all settings are reset to the default values. It is possible to save the changes made to the settings of this section in a file by clicking on the “Export” button. When necessary, this file can be imported and applied to other screens. Settings related to different sections of the software are saved in the paths stored in the “Cache” tab. In order to prevent software slowdown in the long run, the software cache must be cleared. For clearing the cache of the software, the “Clear” button should be used. The “Open Roaming Directory” button opens the path where the cache is stored. In this folder, cache files can be viewed or cleared. For clearing, select all of the folders then press the delete button on keyboard.

In the "Connection & Firmware" tab on the "Setting" page, the settings for the device connection and "Firmware Update" can be adjusted. Also, the settings for the connection can be adjusted in the "Details" section. The "IP" field is used to connect to the device. In the past, the last three digits of the device's serial number were used for the fourth part of this field, but as of 15/07/2019, the last two digits of the device's serial number are used for this purpose. The "DNS", "Gateway", 'Subset Mask" and "Port" fields are used for network connections. Once connected to the device, you can change these elements and then by selecting the "Set to ATM" option the changes can be saved.

The "Serial Number" is not changeable by a user and after connecting to the device, the last three digits of the device's serial is written in this part. The "Version" field displays the current version of the device and  the "Minimum Version" field displays the minimum version that allows updating the “Firmware". In the "MAC Address" field, users can use the same software to connect to two devices. If the "MAC Address" of both devices is the same, it is necessary to change one of them. "MAC Address" of a device consists of 6 2-character parts. Enabling the "Enable Update Connection Date by Device" option causes the information of this part to be refreshed continually. If the user wishes to make and apply some changes in this section, they should uncheck the mentioned option and by clicking on the "Set to AMT" option, apply the changes.

The “Connect” button is used to connect to the device,

the “Refresh Connection” button is used to connect and disconnect the device once,

the “Disconnect” button is used to disconnect the device,

the “Ping Entered IP” button is used to check the authenticity of the connection to the device via LAN.

and, finally, the “Ping Wi-Fi” botton is used to check the authenticity of the connection to the device via "Wi-Fi".

If the connection is made via LAN, by clicking on the “Ping Entered IP”, the IP which is entered in this section will be pinged.

If the connection is made via Wi-Fi, by clicking on “Ping Wi-Fi”, this IP (192.168.1.1), which is specified for the Wi-Fi of all devices, will be pinged.

“Update Firmware” is used to update the firmware of the device which is, usually, done automatically after connecting to the device.  If it didn’t happen automatically, the “Update Firmware in Flash Mode” must be used. How to use this option is explained in the related animation.

The general settings of the device are adjusted in the “Hardware” tab on the “Preferences” page. In the “Fan mode” section, selecting "Silent" will change the speed of the "Fan" depending on the temperature of the switches or heatsinks of the device which is displayed on this page. But, if the "Max.Power" option is selected, the fan of the device will work at its maximum power constantly.

By activating the "Smart Delay" option, if the temperature of the device reaches 55 degrees, in the rooms such as "Distance" and "OverCurrent" where points are used for the test, the test will automatically pause and a message saying "Cooling" will be displayed on the bottom bar of the test screen. The test will not resume until the temperature reaches 45 degrees. The maximum operating temperature of the device is specified in the "Maximum Temperature" section. If the temperature of the device exceeds this value, the device will stop working completely. This value can be changed up to 70 degrees but,  except for certain conditions, the user must not set the temperature above 60 degrees.

In the "Switch Off After Test" section, the user can specify how many seconds after the test is finished, the current and voltage switches should be opened. This number is set to 5 seconds by default but it can be increased up to 10 seconds.In the "Deviation" section, the reporting conditions for “Other” errors can be specified. By default, it is specified in the software that if there is a difference between actual voltage of the device and value specified in the software exceed 4 volts or the current difference goes over 500 mA, the “Other” error should be displayed. In the "Relative" section, this value is specified as a percentage of the value specified in the test. In the actual operating mode, the device uses the lowest value among these two for the error message.

In the "Binary Input Status" section, it is specified which binary is connected and which binary is not.

In the "Disable Error" section, a list of possible errors of the device is available and you can disable them.

"Select All Error Other":  this error is displayed when the device is unable to produce the current and voltage asked by the user. The cause for this error can be the voltage outputs' short circuting or the current outputs' open-circuting. By opening the drop-down of each errors’ fields, any error can be disabled for a number of voltage and current outputs.

"Select All Error Self": every time before running the test, the device checks its internal hardware to determine whether it is capable of generating +50V or -50V of voltage and +5A and -5A of current. If there is a problem, the device displays a "Self" error.

"Error Thermal": this error is displayed when the temperature of the device's sensors is increased. Occasionally, the thermal sensor of one of the switches has a problem, indicating irrational temperatures such as 800 degrees. In this case, in the slider of this section, it is possible to deactivate the thermal error to continue working with the device.

"Error Over Current Binary 9": the binary 9 of the device can measure the current up to 500mA. If the input current of this binary exceeds this value, this error is displayed.

"Select All Error Over Voltage Binary": depending on the duration specified for them, if their input voltage exceeds the specified limit, the binary inputs of the device will display this error. For instance, in the 4.5V mode, if the input voltage of any of the binaries exceeds 4.5V, the device will display this error.

In the "Times For ignoring Over Voltage Binary" field, the maximum time allowed to ignore the "Over Voltage" error of the binary is specified. By default, it is set that if the time for the "Over Voltage" error is not shorter than 100 milliseconds, the device will not display any error about this matter.

This should be noted that, since "Thermal Error" and "Error Over Current Binary 9" are among the fatal "Errors" of the device, their deactivation setting will not be saved by the software and will be disabled each time the software is run, then if this "Error" needs to be disabled, the user must do this manually. The "Check RAM" section is used for testing the RAM that is used in the “AMT”. In the "Repetition" field, the number of times that a series of data are written in the RAM and erased is specified. This section can be used in case of uncertainty about the performance of the device's RAM. Since the writing and reading operations are performed on the RAM multiple times, eventually, if there is a problem in this process, the error light on the panel of the device will turn on.

In the "Earth" section, it is possible to enable or disable the "Earth" error of the device. If the "Enable" option is checked, it is necessary to connect the "Earth" cable to perform the test. Otherwise, an “Earth” error will be displayed and the device will stop working. This error can be deactivated by unchecking the “Enable” option. But, it is vital to note that, doing so during the test can be lethal and as it is ,also, stated in the displayed message, Vebko company will not be responsible.

It is possible to activate or deactivate the main hardware switches of the device in the “Switches” section. The switch number 1 is related to the voltages and currents of the group A output. The switch number 2 is related to the voltages and currents of the group B and V_DC. By deactivating every switch, all outputs of that switch will be deactivated.

In the "Combination Cable" section, if the "Voltage" option is selected, the outputs of the Neutrik cable will include three current and three voltage phases. But if the "Current" option is selected, the output of the cable will consist of two three-phase current groups which are used for various tests such as differential test.

The "Open VDC Setting" option is used to enable the DC output voltage of the device. By clicking on this option, the "VCD Diagrams" page opens. On this page, in the "DC Value" field of the "Apply" section, the output DC value of this port is specified. This value can be set up to a maximum of 212V DC. By clicking on the "Apply" option, the "AUX DC" port of the device will inject the amount that is specified in the "DC Value" field. The "AUX DC" output can be disabled by clicking on the "Disable DC" option. By activating the "Record Period" option in the next field, a duration of time is specified for recording the output signal of this port.

In the "Now Value" section, the amount of current and voltage produced by the "AUX DC" port is displayed. The "Max Current" field shows the maximum current pulled from this port. In the following two diagrams, the instantaneous amounts of voltage and DC current of this port are indicated. It is also possible to save the settings set on this page as a PDF file by clicking on the "Export Report" option. To reset and update the amount of the current displayed in the "Max Current" section, you can click on the "Reset Max Current" option.

By checking the "Dancing Light" option, the LEDs in front of the device will turn on in a dancing manner. This operation is to test the healthy "LED" binary inputs of the device.

The "Start" page of the software is the first page that the you face when the software is opened. At the top right is the version name of the software ("Stable", "Test") as well as its version number. If a new version of the software is provided by Vebko, when you are connected to the internet, an option, saying "New Version is Available" will appear at the top right. By clicking on this option, you can download and install the latest version of the software. Clicking on the "What's New" option opens a page in which the fixes or the features added to different versions of the software are displayed. For preparing these versions, first, Vebko experts present the software problems and suggestions to the software group. Then, after evaluating and correcting this group, the new features are displayed in detail on this page.

By clicking on the "Launch Remote Help" option, you can connect to the online software support via one of the two available methods of "AnyDesk" or "Ammyy Admin". For using AnyDesk, first, the user needs to give the 9-digit number called AnyDesk ID, which is available at the top left of the "New Connection" page, to the supporter. Then, the supporter will enter the code in the "Remote Desk" section and press "Connect" to connect to the user's "Desktop" page.

Also, by clicking on "Ammyy Admin", the "Ammyy Admin-Free" page opens. Then, the user needs to give their "ID" and "Password" to the supporter. After that, the supporter will enter this information and connect to the user's desktop.

The "Relay Modules" section contains the special software for Vebko’s relay. In the "Tester Modules" section, different relay test rooms are on the left while equipment test rooms are on the right.

You can adjust the settings for all test pages by clicking on the "Preferences" option. In all rooms, you can see two letters and numbers at the top right of the screen:

1- "M" means that how many megabytes of the ram is occupied by this page.

2- "AS" which is "Auto Save" means that if you make a change to the file, after passing the time that is specified in front of this option, the software automatically saves the status of the file and if there is a previous file, the new file replaces the existing one. After the filed is saved, a message saying "Auto Save Done" will be displayed at the bottom of the page.

The software repeats this saving process every 30 seconds which can be changed in the “Auto Save” section in the "Room" tab on the "Preferences" page. This saved file is displayed in the "Recovery" option. If the software crashes for any reason, by clicking on the "Recovery" option, you can recover and view the last saved version of your file. This is an advantage for the software because the "Ctrl+Z" key combination recovers the changes based on this 30 seconds and if the software crashes, the test file will not be destroyed.

By clicking on the "Security", two options open. "Clear Cache" option which is used to clear the cache of the software.

When you install the software for the first time, you should click on the "Open Source Location" option to run both "AMPro Application" and "AMPro APP Launcher" files as an administrator. To do this, right-click on the mentioned files, then select "Properties" and in the "Compatibility" tab, check the "Run this program as an administrator" option. After that, you can close the window.

The "Contact us" option provides you with ways to connect with experts at Vebko.

The "About" option, provides the user with information about Vebko company.

By clicking the "Help" option, provides the user with the reference manual and of the tester and the software.

Various tasks are performed in the "AMT" section. You can directly connect or disconnect to the device by holding on the "Control" button and left-clicking on this image. The figure in this section indicates the connection status to the device. By double-clicking on this section, it is possible to enter the "Preferences" page directly. If you want to connect to multiple devices at the same time, right-click on this section and select the device name to connect to it. By doing this, the device name will appear on the left of the screen.

Generally, there are two types of testing rooms available on the main page of the software.

The “VCC” room: this room provides you with a place to perform a series of different tests. Also, it is possible to perform several tests from different rooms in a continuous manner in this room.

The other rooms including “AMT Sequencer”, “AMT Distance”, “AMT Transformer” and “AMT Differential”, have the same main page. The only difference is that in these rooms, a few features are made hidden or shown according to the needs. For example, in the “Hardware” section in the “Sequencer” room, there is an option for “Calibration” but in the same section in the “Distance” room, this option is not available and has been made hidden.

All necessary features for performing different tests are available in the “Sequencer” room. “Table View”, “Detail View” and “Measurement View” are the important windows of this page while the “Table View” and “Measurement View” are not available in the other rooms. Also, the “Detail View” window in this room is different from the “Detail View” in the other rooms like “Distance”.

In rooms like “Overcurrent”, “Distance” and “Differential”, which are also called the “Medium” rooms, the “Table View” and “Measurement View” windows are not available but instead, the “Test View” window is available in these rooms. Generally, the “Test View” window is the same in all “Medium” rooms. In the “Test View”, some options are made hidden or shown according to the needs. For example, in the “Differential” room, the “I diff” and “I bias” fields are available, while in the “Distance” room, the “[z,Left:0,Top:0,Right:0,Bottom:0,Scale:50%]” and “phi” fields are available.

Some parts like “Trigger” and “Binary Output” are the same in all rooms because changing their parameters was not deemed to be necessary. Those rooms which are used for testing the equipment are called “State Sequencer” and the windows available in the “Sequencer” rooms are, also, available in these rooms. Moreover, the “Instrument View” window, which is not available in the “Sequencer” rooms, is added to these rooms. Some windows including “Vector View” and “Signal View” are similar in all rooms and have the same structure but it is possible that some of their information is made hidden or shown according to the needs.

By opening each room, a page which contains several windows opens Along with these windows there is the toolbar and the status bar. After closing these windows, the explanation of different parts of the menu and the toolbar will be given in the video This toolbar is the same in all sections and the “Sequencer” room has another toolbar which is exclusive to it.

To open a new room, click on "File" and select “New". You can also access the files that have already been saved by selecting “Open". Use “Save" or “Save as" to save a file. Use “Recent" to access the files that have recently been saved.

Use “Security” to encrypt a file the encryption has three levels the first level, full permission, allows users with an encryption code to access the settings, run the test file and save the output.

In the second level, users cannot change the settings but can only run the test file and save the output in the third level of encryption, users can only view the file.

Use "Export Report" to save the test file as PDF. Use “Exit" to close and exit the test page. Click on “View" and select “Toolbars" to see different modes of the toolbar Add or remove the check mark to show or hide the icons.

Use “Status Bar" to hide or show the status bar at the bottom of the page.

The "Units" option has three parts:

Choosing time between “Cycles" and “Seconds”. By default, time is displayed in terms of seconds while by selecting “Cycles” the time is displayed in terms of cycles. Determine the cycle time in “Test Object", the “Device” block and then in the “f nom” field. If this frequency is changed the time is change accordingly.

Choosing Parameter’s values between “Absolute” and “Relative” By default Parameters' values are “Absolute”. use “Relative” to see parameters' values dependent to nominal value The nominal values for voltage can be determined in the “Test Object”, “Device” and in the “V nom (secondary)” field, for current in the “I nom (secondary)” and for frequency in the (f nom) field.

Choosing values between “Primary” and “Secondary. By default, software values are in terms of secondary. To see the values in terms of primary use the “Primary” option these values can be determined in the “Test Object”, “Device” block, “V primary” and “I primary” field

The “Communication Logger" option is for the communications of devices and laptops that the Vebko’s programmers use. Different windows in the “Sequencer” page including “Vector View" and “Signal View” are shown in this list

Use "Revision History" to access all of the files that were saved by the program every 30 seconds. By selecting each file, you can reset them as needed

Select “Start/Continue" option in the “Test" menu to run the test. To stop the test use “Stop”. Use “Clear" to remove the test results.

In the “Parameter” menu, select “Test Object” to open “General Test Object” page. Select “Report” to open “Report Setting” page.

Use “Delete all Added Reports" to remove all of the reports that have been added to the output report using the “Add to Report” option.

Using "Number of Decimal Places Setting" option, depended page opens and you can determine parameter units and determine how to display numbers

If an error occurs during the test, in the “Hardware" menu click on “Clear Error" to remove it and run the test again.

Use “Reset Hardware” to reset the device’s hardware automatically. Select “Configuration” to open the “Hardware Configuration" page. In this page output voltage and current, input and output binaries setting and extra setting is set.

Click on "Calibration" to open the calibration page. Vebko’s experts use this page for device calibration.

In the "Window" menu you can adjust the layouts. The “System Default Layout” option displays a default arrangement of windows for the software. Also the "Custom Default Layout" option displays the windows as "Default Layout" saved by the user.

The "Default Undock" option displays the windows as "Undock" and the location of each window can be adjusted.

With the "Cascade" option, the windows are in a row and behind each other. Note that these options are used when the room layout is in “Default Undock Layout”.

The "Default Layout for Transient" option is for the test mode and the "Default Layout for Quick" option is used for the "Quick" mode.

"Manage Layout...” is used to store the desired layouts, and even several "Layout" can be stored in it. To use a stored "Layout" click on its name, then select “Apply Layout" to open the "Layout“.

By choosing the "Current Style as Default" option, the page layout that is being used is determined a "Custom Default Layout"

The "Schema” option shows different states and colors for the toolbar and the background of the test page which can be selected as desired. In the "Help" menu, the "Help topics" option opens the tips of the software and the tester.

The "Shortcut keys" option shows all the shortcut keys in the software. The "About" option also gives the user information about the company.

There are icons for faster and easier access in the toolbar at the top of the screen. The first six icons are, in fact, the same as the "View" menu and the "Unit" field which are available at this page too.

The "Time in Second" and "Time in Cycle", "Relative Values" and "Absolute Values", and "Primary Values" and "Secondary Values" icons are used to select the time in seconds or cycles, to specify the values in relative or absolute values and to specify whether the values entered are primary or secondary, respectively.

By clicking on the "New Room" icon, a new window opens on the test page. If you hold this icon down by the "Control" key and then click on one of the rooms, a separate room opens without closing the current room.

By clicking on the "Open" icon, a saved test file opens. If the user wishes to search for a file with a specific extension, they can click on this icon and then select the desired room. After that, they can search among the saved files in the selected room.

Also, the “Save” icon, saves the test file. These icons show the different windows on the “Sequencer” page.

In this section, you can see the “Report View”, “Test Object” and “Hardware Configuration” icons. By clicking on any of these icons, the user is referred to the respective page.

By using the "Number of Decimal Places Setting" icon, it is possible to specify the number of integers and decimal digits displayed by the software as well as the quantity of that unit.

By using the "Static Output" icon, it is possible to specify that the device will only inject the values of a "State" (a selected "State"). The icons in this section are used to "Stop", "Start", and "Clear Test", respectively.

The phrase "Ready to Connect" means that the software is ready to connect to the device. The "Refresh" icon disconnects and connects the connection one more time to fix any existing problem with the test.

This row of the toolbar is only for the "Sequencer" room. If there are several "State"s, it is possible to select the desired "State" by using these icons and even jump to the first or last "State". By using these icons, it is possible to select the first, previous, next and last "State", in the mentioned order.

The "New State", "Delete State", "Copy Before", "Copy After" icons are used to create a new "State", delete an existing "State", create a "State" similar to the previous "State", and create a "State" similar to the next "State", respectively.

The "Insert Z shot" icon creates three "State"s as an impedance test. The "Select File to Merge" icon inserts the "State"s of other saved files in this room and adds them to the "State"s existing in the file. By using the "Copy & Paste State" icon, it is possible to copy a "State" and "Paste" it somewhere else.

By clicking on the "Copy & Paste State", a new page opens with the same name. Then, the desired "State" is selected from the list and in the "Options for Paste" section, the location for pasting and its number are specified and, finally, "Ok" is clicked.

The "Correct Name of State" icon restores the default name of "State"s in case they have been changed. By clicking on the "All State" icon, the waveform of all the "State"s is displayed in "Signal View".

If the user only wants the current "State" to be displayed, they should click on the "Current State" icon. Of course, the "Current State" has other uses too, especially in transient state testing which will be explained in the future video tutorials.

The next icon shows the status of receiving the binary signals from the inputs of the device in case they are enabled. The icons in the status bar show the status of the voltage and current ports. If there is something wrong during the test with any of the ports, the corresponding icon in this section turns red.

The phrase "St. Cond. "Immed" indicates the start time of the test, run by the user, which can be displayed instantaneously after clicking on "Start", in accordance with receiving signals from the binaries or the "GPS" clock time.

The phrase "CT: Dir. Line" indicates the location of the "CT" on the line which can be on the "Line" side or on the “Bus bar" side. This is important in tests such as "Distance" when injecting current.

The phrase "Running Room: Noun" indicates which room of the software is running the test. Also, this figure shows the connection status of the device.

In the case of connecting to several devices at the same time, from this section, it is possible to specify that to which "AMT" device should this room be connected for performing the test.

In addition to “New” option, this option is designed to ease the test and save time. It is possible for you to create a default “Template” in accordance with your needs and when necessary, by loading this “Template” apply the saved changes.

In “Custom Template” you can create a “Template” by using “Device Template”, “Report Template”, or “Decimal Places Template” modes. This can be explained by creating a “Template”. To do so, in “Preferences” in “Room” section, you can create a “Template” from “Device Template” and “Template Report Package” or “Decimal Places Template”.

For example, after entering “Preferences” window, in “Decimal Places Template” section for “Sequencer” room, select and apply “Volt” as the unit for voltage in “Template”. Enter “Vebko” in “Name” and “Manufacturer” fields in “Device” section, and then by applying the settings, save these changes as a “Template”. Now, to use these “Templates” in the rooms, you need to select the saved “Templates”. If you open “Decimal Places” in “Sequencer” room, you can see that the changes made in “Preferences” is not applied to this section. Now to apply the “Template”, by clicking on “New Based On Template” in “New” window, you can see “Custom Template” and “Saved Template” radio buttons. By selecting “Custom Template” radio button, you can specify which of the three mentioned sections is to be applied to the new file. Then, by confirming the settings by selecting “Ok” you can view the applied changes.

In “Saved Template”, you can specify the default necessary windows, arrangements and the number of fields. To better understand this, select “State Type Continuous”, open “Vector View” window and specify the desired size. Then, select “Save as Template” from ‘File” menu and select a title for it. If you wish to apply your specified “Template” in a new room, you need to click on “New Based On Template” and select “Save Template” radio button. In the end, select the desired “Template” and apply it.

After explaining the toolbar, it is necessary to give an introductory about the basic concepts in the system. Each room includes four main parts: 1- “Number of Decimal Places Setting” Display settings for numbers and quantity units in the test rooms. 2- “Hardware configuration” For the Device hardware settings. 3- “Test Object Parameters” To access the relay settings. 4- “Report View” To access the output and the test reports. Given these four components and the nature of each window and its functions in every room, you can run a test.

Click on the “Number of Decimal Places Setting” to open its page. In this page you will find the names of the quantities in the “Parameters Name”. You will find the units of every quantity written in the “Absolute Unit" block and they can be changed. The “Absolute Eng. Factor" shows a Number of meaningful figures, for example, if you enter the number 545569 in the “Sample Value” and enter the number 3 in the “Absolute Eng. Factor" block, the program shows 546KΩ which is also displayed in the “Absolute Display” block. If you enter the number 2 in this block, the number displayed in the “Absolute Display” block is 550.00KΩ.

"Absolute Accuracy” block shows the number of decimal fractions rounded up. For example, if you enter the number 5.235 and enter the number 2 in the “Absolute Accuracy” block, the final number is 5.2.

Now, in this case, if you enter the number 5 in “Absolute Eng. Factor”, the number 5.2400 is displayed in the “Absolute Display” which shows 5 meaningful figures that the last two digits are rounded up corresponding to the “Absolute Accuracy” block.

The blocks “Relative Accuracy”, “Relative Unit", “Relative Eng. Factor" and “Relative Display” also have the same functions but only for relative values. For example, if the voltage unit in “Absolute Unit" is VATR and in the “Relative Unit" is HYU, clicking on “OK" shows that the voltage unit is changed and changing the mode from “Absolute” to “Relative” has also changed its unit.

After setting the "Number of Decimal Places Setting", it is necessary to get familiar with a number of concepts as well as the method for initializing the software. Generally, there are three methods for entering the information. 1-The information that is entered in the tables. 2-The information that is entered in a separate cell where only entering numbers is possible.  3-The information that is entered in a separate cell where only entering text is possible. The point is that it is not possible to enter any information in those cells which are "Read only" in conditions such as "Line-Line" mode.

If you double-click on a cell, the content inside the cell becomes highlighted and while entering the information, its unit of quantity remains stable. In these cells, there is a space between the entered number and its unit which makes a better view for the user. By holding the mouse on each cell and clicking on it, the minimum and maximum numbers which can be entered in the intended cell are displayed. Close the "Measurement View" and "Detail View" windows and open the "Vector View" window. Then, right-click on this window and select "Show" in the opened list and check the "Line-Line" option so that the linear values are displayed on this window.

Now in the "Table View", enter “23.00" for the second phase voltage with zero phase. You can see that the value of "VL1-L2" in the "Vector View" window is zero. Now, enter "23.0001" for the first phase in the "Table View". Then, you can see that in the "VL1-L2" linear voltage field, the number "100µV" is displayed while in the "Table View", both first phases show the same value of (23.00). The number "23.0001" is in the memory of the software but since it is specified in the "Number of Decimal Places Setting" that only four meaningful numbers should be displayed, the number "23.00" is being shown while the original number is "23.0001" which is stored in the memory of the software. If you double-click on the first phase, and after it gets highlighted, press "enter" on your keyboard, this time the number "23.00" gets recorded in the software and, also, the linear voltage amount changes to zero.

If you enter "23.2568" in the first phase, the "VL1-L2" linear voltage field will display the number "256.6mV" while in the "Table View" the number "23.26" will be displayed which means that, not only according to the "Number of Decimal Places Setting", only four meaningful digits of this number are being displayed, but also, this number has been rounded. It is also possible to use measurement units while initializing. For example, you can enter “10m” instead of the number "0.01". In this case, there is a space between "m" and "V" after pressing the "enter" button, the "m" acronym sticks to the quantity unit and the "Space" gets removed in order to make a better view for the user. In some cells, after entering the intended value, a message is displayed saying that the entered value is above the allowed limit. In this case, there are two possibilities:

1-In some cells, after clicking on the "OK" option, there is another message displayed saying that if you select the "No" option, the entered number will not be recorded in the cell and the previous number will replace the new one but if you select the "Yes" option, the new number will be recorded and the cell turns red, indicating an error in the recorded number.

2-In some other cells, if the entered number is above the allowed limit, if you click on the “OK” option in the displayed message, the software will not allow this number to get recorded in the cell and uses the previous number instead.

In addition to directly entering a number, it is possible to use mathematical expressions and operations to enter a number in the software. For example, if you "1/256", which the software will automatically calculate and put the result in the cell. Or you can enter a mathematical operation in the cell, like "sin(45)*sqrt(25)" which is the amount of "sin" in radians. The point to note is that it is not possible to enter mathematical operations as something like "11m*1" and no measurement units are to be used in mathematical operations.

By clicking on "Hardware Configuration", a new page with the same name opens where the settings for voltage and current outputs, binary inputs, and outputs of the device as well as some other settings in "Extra Setting" are set. In the "Analog Output" tab, the settings for voltage and current outputs, activeness or inactiveness of outputs, labeling them and displaying the actual values for the output signals of the device are adjusted.

In "Voltage and Current Output" sections, the maximum receivable voltage and current from the outputs of the device are specified according to their wiring, which the users can use depending on their needs. By selecting any of the options, a figure of the wiring for receiving the required voltage and current is displayed in a box in the middle of the page. For example, by selecting single-phase 300 V, to receive up to 300 V with a 400 mA current, the user needs to do the wiring according to this figure. In the "Current Output" section, there is some information about wiring. For example, in the first wiring, there are 6 32 amp current Outputs. In this case, a maximum of 32 amp with 3 V is fed by every phase and up to 5 amp with 12 V is receivable from the current outputs.

In the "Show Actual Value" column in "Voltage Output Signal” and "Current Output Signal" sections, it is possible to activate displaying the "Actual" value of output signal in the "Signal View" window. To do this, you need to change the value of the cell of your intended signal in the "Show Actual Value" from "False" to "True". For example, if the "Show Actual Value" of "VL1-E" signal is changed to "True", by running the test, it is observed that there are circles on the waveform of its signal.

In the "Output Label" column, it is possible to specify a "Label" for each of the outputs. In addition to the labels in the drop-down field, it is possible to add new label by typing it.

In the "Output Target" column for each of the outputs a target will be specified. In selecting an "Output Target", it is important to note that each of these "Output Target" has a meaning. For example, if "VL1-E" is selected for the first output of the "voltage output A"  and "IL1" for the first output of the "current output A", by selecting "Set Mode: Z-I const", the software divides the 2 volts of "VL1-E" into 1 amp of "IL1", which are the first output of the "voltage output A" and the first output of the "current output A", respectively, to simulate phase to ground fault with a 2 ohm fault impedance. Now, if, in the "Hardware Configuration" page, "VL1-E" is selected for the second output of "voltage output A", in simulating the fault impedance of the previous example, the software, again, divides the 2 volts voltage of "VL1-E" into 1 amp current of "IL1", except that this time the voltage of "VL1-E" and "IL1" is injected from the second output of the "voltage output A" and the first output of the "current output A", respectively. Also, it should be noted that if "VL3-E" is selected for the third output of the "voltage output A", and the same "Output Target" is selected for the single-phase output of the "voltage output B", the third output of the "voltage output A"  changes to "Not Used" and this "Output Target" is selected for the single-phase output of the "voltage output B". This means that each of the available "Output Target" can only be selected for a single output.

As another example, in the "AMT Distance" Room, the software uses "voltage output A" and "current output A" to simulate fault impedance. If the user wants to use the "current output B" instead of the "current output A" for current injection, they should select "IL1", "IL2" and "IL3" as the "Output Target" for the three outputs of the "current output B" in the "Hardware Configuration" page.

Under the "Binary Input" tab in “Hardware Configuration" window, the settings of the 10 binary inputs of the device are set. Binaries 1 to 8 are located at the bottom of the device from left to right. Binaries 9 and 10 are located in the upper right row of the device. Binaries 1 to 8 are of the voltage type. The binaries 9 and 10 are used for measuring AC and DC currents (with 50micro precision) up to 500mA and 240mv respectively.

Activating and deactivating a “Binary Input”: Activation or deactivation of binaries is determined in the "Binary Input Target" column. For example, you can activate binary number 3 by clicking on its relevant field. In this case, a list of different targets is displayed and you can select one depending on your test's needs. Note that the binary inputs of the device may be sensitive to your selected target. While testing the equipment and changing the hardware configuration of the device, you should note that the label of binary inputs must be selected in accordance with the information in the test configuration. By clicking on this field and selecting "Not Used", it is possible to deactivate the corresponding "Binary Input". It is also possible to use the "N" shortcut to deactivate a "Binary Input". You can activate or deactivate the binaries 1 to 8 at the same time by using the square above the binaries' numbers column.

Selecting a “Label” for a “Binary Input”: You can select a "Label" for your desired "Binary Input" in the "Binary Input Label" column. By default, the "Label" selected in the "Binary Input Target" is listed in this part but the user can, also, select a different "Label" from the drop-down list or enter a new "Label" in Persian or English. It should be noted that in "Report" and binary signal display in "Signal Label", the "View" specified in this section is displayed as the label for the signal. This also applies to "Analog Output" and "Binary Output" and in the "Report" the "Label" is displayed for the desired parameter.

Specifying Binary-Input Type: In the "Binary Input Type" column, the type of binary inputs number 1 to 8 is selected from two generic modes of "Dry" and "Wet", which is by default set as "Dry". In this case, there is a 2V DC on the two ends of "Binary Inputs" (Zero Mode) and by short-circuiting the output contacts of the relay, the voltage decreases to zero and the digital signal 1 is detected by the binary.

In the "Wet" mode, the binaries number 1 to 8 are set to measuring mode. There are three levels for this mode. In the "Wet Max 4.5(V)" level, the "Binary Input" measures up to 4.5V (with 1mV precision), up to 30V (with 3mV precision) in the "Wet Max 30(V)" and up to 188V (with 10mV precision) in the "Wet Max 188(V)" level. When the "Wet" mode is selected for "Binary Input", the "Threshold" column is activated. In this column, a threshold is specified for "Binary Input" status. For example in the "Wet Max 188(V)" level, if the threshold is set to "50", if the maximum input voltage is less than 50V, digital signal 0 is detected while with a maximum input voltage more than 50V, digital signal 1 is detected.

If the "Binary Input" is used for measuring the voltage, it is important to select the maximum level of "Wet" measurement. For example, to measure a 23V voltage, the binary level "Wet Max 30(V)" must be selected. If “Wet Max 4.5(V)" is selected, when the voltage exceeds 4.5V, the software gives an "Over Voltage Binary" error message and if the "Over Voltage" error has not been enabled, by exceeding the specified voltage, the binary input operates in a dual-purpose mode which means that it records the logical signal (pick up or trip) and, also, measures the voltage and by injecting AC voltage, the binary turns into repetitive zeros and ones. In this case, the memory of the software gets full and a "Result is Full" error is displayed. Also, if the "Wet Max 188(V)" is selected, the measurement precision is decreased.

“Reverse” column: In "False" mode in the "Reverse" column, the logic of binary’s becoming 0 and 1 is the same as described earlier. If the "True" mode is selected, the detection logic of the binary's becoming 1 is reversed. For example, in the "Wet Max 188(V)" level with a 50V threshold, if the binary voltage goes below 50V, its status is detected as 1, otherwise, it equals 0. In the "Dry", the "Binary Input" status is 1 only when it's "Open Circuit" and it's 0 in the short circuit state.

The “Show Actual Value” column: In the "Show Actual Value" column, the mode of displaying the actual voltage value of the input binary is selected from "AC" and "DC". The "DC" mode is used for situations where the input voltage of the "Binary Input" is "DC". The "AC" mode, on the other hand, is for situations where the incoming voltage to the "Binary Input" is "AC". In this case, this is done for a better display and precision of the phase calibration and frequency. "None" mode is used for not displaying the actual value of the binaries. To view the actual value in the "Vector View", it is possible to view the measured value by the binary after opening this window.

“Show Result” column: In the “Show Result” column, it is specified that whether the changes of the 1 and 0 logical signals of the “Binary Input” should be recorded by the software or not. “True” means that the logical signal should be recorded and “False” means the opposite. For example with 50 voltage  threshold and “False” for “Show Result” and “Reverse” the trip signal is sent by the relay to the device. As signal of binary input 1 excess the threshold the binary changes are not recorded by “signal view” becqause the signals are not being recorded

DC Voltage Injection: In the "Apply VDC" column, it is possible to inject a DC voltage into the binary input. For example, in the "Wet Max 188(V)" with a 50V threshold, the number 100V is entered and subsequently the wiring to inject the DC voltage into the binary input is displayed. According to this wiring, the output relay contact is switched to "Wet". In this case, if the input voltage of the binary exceeds 50V, the "Binary Input" equals 1. It should be noted that it is possible to inject DC voltage only into one "Binary Input" and not into multiple Binary Inputs simultaneously. If for any reason, the output relay contact is corrupted, it may not get stimulated by the 2V on the "Binary Input" of the device; so a, for example, 100V DC is injected into it. In this case, a mild current passes through the relay contact and its short-circuiting is detected.

The “Description” column: In this column, there is some information about the condition where the binary input of the device equals 1. For example, in the “Wet Max 188(V)” with a 50V threshold, when the input voltage exceeds 50V, the binary status equals 1.

Configuration of the Binary Input 9 and 10: As mentioned before, "Input" 9 is used for measuring currents up to 500mA and "Input" 10 is used for measuring Voltages up to 240mV. The columns "Show Result", "Reverse", "Threshold", Apply VDC" and "Description" are disabled for these two binaries. In the "Binary Input Type" column, the precision of "Input" 9 is set. On the back of this binary, there are four 1ohm, 20ohm, 100ohm and 1megaohm resistors which are used to measure the current in different ranges. By selecting any of these resistors in the "Binary Input Type" column, the 500mV voltage is divided into the resistor and the measurable current is calculated by the binary. It is, also, possible to display the actual measured current and voltage value in “DC” or “AC” in the “Show Actual Value” column.

Under the “Binary Output” tab in the “Hardware Configuration” window, the settings related to Binary Outputs of the device are set. “AMT 105” has four Binary Outputs and on the back of each of them, there is a 10amp/240V relay. Activation or deactivation of “Binary Output” is determined in the "Binary Output Target" column. For example, to activate “Binary Output 1”, by clicking on the related field, it is possible to select a target according to your need from the drop-down list. For example, for Open / Close command of power keys, you can select “CB52a” and “CB52b”. To deactivate this output, select “Not Used” in the same drop down list. By checking the square option above the device’s “Binary Output” numbers, it is possible to activate or deactivate all 4 binaries at the same time. In the “Binary Output Label” column (just like “Binary Input” section), a “Label” is selected for the activated Binary Outputs.

After setting the related settings, it is necessary to become familiar with the application of binary outputs. In the older versions of the software, the "Binary Output" was opened and closed only once in each "State" but in new versions of the software, there is a feature added that allows you to change the status of Binary Outputs up to 4 times in a state. The initial status of a “Binary Output” can be changed in several ways. 1- In the “Bin. Out” section in the “Table View” window, it is possible to change the status of a binary to close or open by clicking on while any changes are, also, displayed in the “Signal View” at the same time.

2- Similarly, it is possible to change the status of binaries in the following address: Detail View>Analog Out>Analog Output Channels>Binary Outputs. The changes are, also, applied in the “Table View” at the same time. In fact, these two sections are linked and every change is applied in both sections at the same time.

3- It is, also, possible to change the status of a “Binary Output” from “Binary Output” tab in “Detail View” section. To determine additional start/stop and other options in a state, “Detail View” section should be used. In this section, for every “State”, you can change the status of Binary Outputs up to 4 times. By entering your desired time in "1^st Ch.", "2^nd Ch.", "3^rd Ch." and "4^th Ch." you can specify the time for changing the Binary Output status. For example, in a normal situation, "Bin. Out1" is open. If number "1" is entered in "1^st Ch." column, it means that after performing the test, "Bin. Out" is open for 1 second and then it closes. If "2" is entered in "2^nd Ch." column, it means that 2 seconds after closing, the "Binary Output" must open. As All these changes are simultaneously displayed in "Signal View" as well. You can, similarly, determine the change time for the 3^rd and 4^th states of the "Binary Output" for "3^rd Ch." and "4^th Ch." columns.

In the Trigger column, it is possible to set a condition for executing the changes for “Binary Output” and no changes are made to the “Binary Output” until the "Trigger" condition is met and the binary remains the same. After the “Trigger” condition is met, the “Binary Output”, immediately, starts changing its status according to the specified time. By clicking on the “Toggle” column, a list of other Binary Outputs is opened and by selecting any of them, the status of the “Binary Output” will be the opposite of the intended binary. This means that whenever “Binary Out 1” is closed, “Binary Out 3” must be open and vice versa. These changes are, also, displayed in “Signal View”.

Under the "Extra Setting" tab in the "Hardware Configuration" page, the settings for the serial port of the device as well as some other operation enhancer settings are set. In tests where the test run time is longer than 100 seconds, a lot of memory is required to display the "Actual Value" in "Signal View" throughout the test. This amount of information slows down the software. By checking "Save last actual data" in "Extra Setting" during the test run, the "Actual Value" is displayed in "Signal View", for example in the last 10 seconds of the test, according to the amount of data. In fact, this option plays the role of a short memory oscilloscope. By clicking on "Maximum fan during test" during the test run, the fan of the device starts working in "Maximum fan" mode and after the test ends, it returns to normal mode. In “Binary Link Serial” field, it is possible to enter a number between 0 and 255 so that before the test begins, the device sends a command to the equipment test board through “Binary Output” number four and this board adjusts the appropriate connections for any of the equipment tests in accordance with the received command.

In this section, there is a part named “Serial Setting”. By adjusting the settings in this section, it is possible to send a serial "Packet" in each "State" via the "AMT" device. In the "Baud Rate" field, the transmitting and receiving speed (the speeds must be the same) are adjusted for making the connection. In "Data" field, the bit number of each data that is sent is specified. In this section, to identify the end of the original data, one or two bits, which are called "Stop bit", are sent. The "Parity" field is used to indicate whether the number of 1 bits is odd or even and is also used to identify the error code. In the "Initial Serial Command" section, you can write a message to identify the data exchange. After setting under the "Serial" tab in "Detail View", the sent command is written in the "Serial Command" field. For each "State" of the device, the "AMT" can send a command for the intended equipment. In fact, this section can be used in equipment test because there is an interface board between the "AMT" and the equipment being tested. By doing this while performing the test, the device sends a "Serial Command" to the board and this board adjusts the settings according to the "Serial Command". For example, send "abc" to "State1" and "cvf" to "State2".

By clicking on “Test Object”, you can open the “General Test Object” page. On this page, the settings related to “Object” or relay are adjusted. To enter the information of the relay on this page there are several ways. In the first case, the user reads all the information of the relay and enters manually. For example, to enter the nominal Specifications of the relay, you can double-click on “Device” in the “Service Setting” page in the “Nominal Values” section and enter frequency and nominal voltage of the PTs as well as the nominal current of the CTs.

Also, it is possible to enter information such as device name, serial number etc. in the “Device” section. After that, to save the information, it is necessary to click on “OK”. It should be noted that whatever is in the "Device" block on the "Device Setting" page also exists in the "Device" block Tree diagram and the values ​​can be entered here too. For example, there is a series of information about nominal values of the device, “Substation”, “Bay”, “Nominal Values”, etc. You can also find this information in the branches of “Device” Tree diagram. This means that in the “Name plate” section, you can also find information about device’s ID or in the “Nominal Values” section, you can find information about the nominal values of the relay. If “Vebko” is entered in the “Value” field, in the “Device Name” row in the “Name Plate” section, by opening the “Device” page, this word is also recorded in the intended section.

In fact, these two sections are linked and enter changes simultaneously. After entering the nominal values of the relays manually, it is, also, necessary to manually enter the specifications of the protective function. For example, to enter the specifications of the “Distance” protective function, you can enter the related information such as tolerances, length and angle of the line by clicking on “Distance” block in the “Distance Protective Parameters” page. You can also draw the relay zones according to the catalog under the “Zone Setting” on this page. To do this, click on “New” to open a new row and then click on “Edit” and in the opened page enter the zone information according to the relay catalog and then click on “OK”. After that you can see that the zone is drawn.

By opening the “Distance” block, the entered information can be seen in the form of a tree diagram. For example, the information related to “Zone” is displayed in this section too. You should note that these sections are linked. To enter information of functions such as “Differential” and “Over Current” you can click on the related block and enter the information. After entering the relay information manually, by clicking on “OK”, you can import the settings to the software and continue the test. You can enter a value in the upper right corner of the “Value” feed and the software displays the parameters that have this value.

You can also search for your intended word, by entering it in the “Tree” section. For example, by entering “360” degrees in “Value”, the parameters that have this value are displayed and if the word “Distance” is entered, this block and its subcategories are displayed in a highlighted mode. There are two options of “OK” and “Cancel” on the bottom of the page. “OK” is used to enter the information and “Cancel” is used to cancel entering the information. If you check “Show/Hide” option on the bottom, you can change the status of the lower window to hidden or visible which will be fully explained in future videos. The important point is that some of the relays provide the user with the settings as a “Rio” file. By directly loading, all the settings of the relay are entered to the software automatically and there is no need for manual insertion of the information.

By opening a “Rio” file in notepad, you see that the specifications of the relay are <mentioned> in this file. For example, between “BEGIN DEVICE” and “END DEVICE” section, information and nominal specifications of the relay are mentioned. Or, in the “BEGIN DEVICE” section to the “END DISTANCE”, the information regarding the distance function and in the “BEGIN ZONE” section, the information regarding the relay zones are. Similarly, all the relay information is mentioned in this file.

By having a “Rio” file, you can “Load” this file in “Test Object” through “File” option. After loading, all of the information existing in the Rio file is displayed. So, the second method for entering information of relays whose software gives a “Rio” output file, is loading “Rio” file  in “Test Object”. This is how the relay information is loaded in the software.

The point is that the information in a “Rio” file is fixed, meaning that it is not possible to add or delete a new block or parameter in the “Device” block. In fact, “Rio” is a fixed file and much of the "Test Object" design is related to the "Rio" file design. The purpose of "Rio" file is that, for example, each "Distance" relay be end to “Device” and “Distance” blocks and contain a series of nominal specifications, zones and a series of times. However, it is possible that the “Distance” relay itself contains thousands of parameters and not all of these parameters exist in the “Rio” file but ultimately the “Rio” output file of the “Distance” relay contains information mentioned in “Device” and “Distance” blocks. This is, also, true for “Differential” and “Overcurrent” relays. So, the “Rio” file is a fixed part of the relay settings and includes information related to “Device” block and protective functions. Also, the “CB Configuration” block is added to “Rio” files for simulation of power key operation. It is possible to add other blocks to “Rio” file. For example, by opening “AMT Distance” room from “Test Object” window it is possible to add another block, if necessary, by right-clicking on “Rio” and selecting the “Add Block” option.

After making a new block, it is possible to rename it by right-clicking on the block. Assume that a relay has two functions of “Distance” and “Under Excitation”. These functions are tested by the impedance method. So it is necessary that there are two “Distance” blocks in this section. After adding a new block, by right-clicking on it and selecting “Rename Block”, its name is changed to “Under Excitation”. By double-clicking on “Under Excitation” block and selecting “Zone Setting” tab on this page, a “Quad” zone is defined for this block according to the described settings. After that, click on “OK”.

Now that there are two “Distance” blocks, one of them should be active. If the cube next to the block is colored, it means that it is active; if it white, it means that it is not active. Now, if you click on “OK”, the information of the active distance block is displayed. Here, the “Mho” characteristic is active. Now, for activating the second distance block it is necessary to right-click on the intended block in the “Test Object” window and select “Set as Active Function”. By doing this, the intended block is activated and the previous block is deactivated and by clicking on “OK” the characteristics of “Distance” and “Under Excitation” blocks that are from the “Quad” type are displayed in the “Impedance View”. Also, in the advanced mode, it is possible to mix these two blocks. By right-clicking on each block of “Rio” file, it is possible to delete it.

Column Description: Each of these parameters has some information in their row. In the “State” column, by double-clicking on each cell, “Rio Parameter Viewer” page is opened. In the “Enabled” section, you can activate or deactivate this parameter. By deactivating a parameter, the status of its “state” changes. In the “Name” column, the name of the intended parameter is provided. In the “ID” column, there is a unique name selected for each parameter. In the “Description” column, there is an additional description provided for the intended parameter.

In the “Value” column, the user can select a value for the intended parameter. In the “Type” column, the type of the inserted data for the parameter is specified. In the “Min” and “Max” columns, the minimum and maximum allowed value for the parameter are specified. The “Formula” column is an indicator of that whether this parameter is derived from a formula or is dependent on another parameter. More will be said about this column in the “XRio” section.

How to make a Rio file by Excel: The point is that there is a series of relays that do not provide a “Rio” file as an output. To get a “Rio” file from this type of relays, click on the “Excel to Rio Files” icon on the “Rio Converter Excel” page. Then, select your intended relay from the list. In this list, you can find the name of relays whose “Excel” file exists in the created software. After selecting the relay, its related “Excel” file opens. On this page, you can enter information about the relay and after entering the information, by clicking on the “Save Rio File” option, a “Rio” file is created from the intended relay. This “Rio” file can be imported by using the “Import from File” icon and after that you can save the relay information. By selecting “Advanced” from the “View” menu, a new row is added to this toolbar page so you can add or delete new blocks or parameters manually if you decide to do that.

The first matter that should be discussed in the “XRIO” part of the instruction is the reason for turning to these files. The first reason was that “RIO” files did not have a specific set of standards for coding. For example, if from the list of “RIO” files of the relays on the “Load XRio and Rio File From list” page which is provided in the software, the () and () files are opened in the notepad, you can see that these two files have different coding and there is no specific standard to them.

The second reason was that when an "RIO" file was loaded, only "RIO" information was available. "RIO" information is that into which all relay settings can be compiled. For example, when “Distance” characteristic of the “Micom” relay is translated and the characteristic curve is formed, there is some information that is not inserted into the software. For example, it is possible that it exists in the relay of “power swing blocking” function but its information is not inserted into the “RIO” because, basically, it is not possible to do so. The third reason was that specification changes of the relay were not the same in relay and the software. It means that, if the user made a change to the translated “RIO” which was a known format, it is not clear that which settings needed to change in the relay so that it could follow the curve of specified characteristics. The fourth reason was that if a parameter was changed from the setting of the relay, it was necessary to get those settings, again, from the “RIO” relay and this file had to be loaded and translated in the software so that the relay and software settings were exactly the same.

The second important matter which is related to “XRio” is that the user needs to know the components of an “XRio” file and what happens when it is loaded in the Vebko software. To explain this a little further, a “XRio” file is loaded from the “Micom p441” relay. You can see that the first thing that happens is that a “SCRIPT FUNCTION” and a tree diagram of the settings are formed in this section of the software. In the end, the “RIO” which is a translated version of the relay characteristics is completed. We will discuss more the concept of “XRIO” and its components in future videos.

To further study the “XRio Converter” file, by clicking on “Import from list” icon on the “Load XRio Converter and Rio file from list” page, an “XRio Converter” file related to the “AREVA MiCOM P441” is loaded. After the “XRio Converter” file is loaded, it is possible to export this file from the software separately. To do this, by clicking on “File” menu, you can export the “XRio Converter” file in forms of with or without formula.  In this part, for a better understanding, first, export the “XRio Converter” file without formula by using the “Export without formula….” option.

Then, the same “XRio Converter” file is loaded in the software without formula. By opening the “XRio Converter” file in notepad++, you can see that this file is written in “xml” format. In the subset of "XRio", the version and language of the file are defined. It is then observed that the "XRio Converter" file without formula consists of two main parts of "Rio Converter" and "Rio Type".

By opening the “Rio Converter” section, you can see that this section consists of another section named “Properties” where information about date and time are mentioned. In fact, the style of this type of coding is “xml” where each section opens and closes with a tag. For example, “XRio” tag is opened here and again closed in the end and the “</” sign indicates its closure. also, it is possible to open or close the “Rio Converter” tag by clicking on the square next to it. The “ScriptReference” tag is opened and closed in the same line because there is a “/>” sign in the end. The second part which is the “Rio Type” tag, contains fixed information of the relay and is the same “Rio” file as described before.

By opening this tab, it is observed that the “Rio” tag consists of “DEVICE”, “DISTANCE”, “OVERCURRENT”, “CBCONFIGURATION” blocks which are originated from the relay specifications. These blocks are the “xml” model of the “Rio” file which is included in the “XRio Converter” file. As it is written, the “Rio” tag is of the “Block” kind. By opening this block it is observed that the “Rio” block consists of other blocks. By opening this block it is observed that inside this block there is a “DEVICEMODEL” which is of the “Parameter” kind. This means that this block has a “value” of “P441 P442 P444”. Likewise, there are other parameters including “MANUFACTURER”, “DEVICETYPE”, etc. in the “NAMEPLATE” block.

This information can be observed in the “Vebko AMPro Test” software after entering the “XRio Converter” file. The information related to “XRio Converter” file is available in the “Test Object” window. In the tree diagram of this section is the “XRio Converter” block and its subsets -similar to the “Rio” Block-. Likewise, the “Device” block and its subsets are -similar to the “Name Plate” block-. In the “Name Plate” block the parameters mentioned in “XRio” are entered in the table. For example, the “DEVICE MODEL” parameter which has the value of “P441 P442 P444”, is displayed in the “Value” column of this table. As another example, in the “Rio” block in the “XRio Converter” file and in the path of “DISTANCE” and “PROTECTEDOBJECT” blocks, it is observed that the value of “LINE” is entered for “PT connection” with “ID”:”PTCONN”.

If you follow the same path in the “Test Object” window in the “Vebko AMPro Test” software, namely the “Distance” directory in the “Rio” block, you can see in the “Protected Object” table that for a parameter with “ID” :”PTCONN” in the “Value” column, “at line” is entered while in the “XRio Converter” file, “Line” was entered as the value. The reason for the difference in values of the“Vebko AMPro Test” software and the “XRio Converter” file is that the codes written in the “Rio” section, receive the values from “XRio” and then enter the corresponding values for different parameters in accordance with design of the codes, which is here “Line” for a parameter with “ID”:”PTCONN” in the “XRio” corresponds to “at line” in “Rio”.

In “Vebko AMPro Test” software, there are columns like “Name”, “Description”, etc. for each parameter which provides the user with information about the intended parameter and there may be no code for these sections in the “XRio Converter” file. Initialization of these columns in the "Rio" is in the way that according to the code written by the programer, wherever in the "ID" column the phrase "PTCONN" is written, its name is "PT Connection" and "Potential transformer connection side" is entered as described in the "Description" column for it. Also, the programer coded other columns like “Type” has mentioned it in the code to be displayed in the “Rio” section. For the mentioned parameter it is “Enumeration” which means that it is selective and the user can select a value from the drop-down field in the “Value” column.

It should be noted that for every piece of information in the “Custom” part which is not fixed, its code must be written in “XRio”. This will be more explained in future videos. Another point is that the “User Interface” mode is included in “Rio” section. This means that by double-clicking on any block of the subsets of “Rio”, for example, “Device” block, the “Device Setting” page opens where all parameters of the subset of this block can be observed and changed. These changes are, simultaneously, recorded in parameters table as well. But, if you double-click on any block other than “Rio”, a series of information about “ID” of the block as well as its name are displayed.

After identifying the problems with “RIO” files, “OMICRON” company decided to implement a new idea. According to this idea, a file format named “XRIO” was created in which a section named “Relay parameter section” was designed for every relay and all relay menus were arranged and addressed exactly the same way as in the relay software.

Another section of this file is “Additional information” which includes that necessary information which is not available in the relay software and should be read from its catalogue. For example, if you click on “General information” tree diagram on “General” block, you can see that “AREVA” is recorded as the “Manufacturer” which is not available in the relay menu but is necessary to complete the device information.

The important point in getting familiar with “XRio” is that you should know how “XRio” blocks are defined. For example, in “Relay Parameter Section” tree diagram and in the “SYSTEM DATA” block, the “Language” parameter is of “Enumeration” type and its value is defined as “English”. Now, if the “XRio” file of this relay is opened in “Notepad++”, after opening the “Custom” tag, you can see the “Setting” block, “ID_00”  block and parameter with “id=ID_0001”. The “Name”, “ForeignId” and “DataType” of this parameter are “Language”, “0001” and “Enumeration” respectively. In the “EnumList” tag, you can see that, four languages including English, French, German and Spanish are available as “Value” for this section and in this case “English” has been selected.

Now, if you return to the “Vebko AMPro Test” software, you can see the exact same information in the “Test Object” section. This means that by double-clicking on “Relay Parameter Section” in the tree diagram you can see that its “ID” is defined as “SETTINGS”; then by double-clicking on the “System Data” block you can see that its “ForeginID” is defined as “ID_00”. In its parameters table, you can see that “Enumeration” is defined as “Type” for the parameters named “Language” and “ForeignID:0001”. Also, in the “Value” field there are four languages of English, French, German and Spanish available where “English” is selected by default in accordance with the displayed codes.

After an “XRio” file is loaded, the necessary settings and information of the “Rio” section are completed accordingly and the cells whose information is dependent on a formula or parameter from the “XRio” file, are turned purple.  For example, the value of nominal frequency in the “Nominal Values” block is defined according to a formula from the “Formula” column and if this value is modified manually, the color of the cell changes to pink which means that there is no more a connection between the value of this cell and the formula defined for it. To make the value of this cell again dependent on the formula, right-click on it and select "Recalculate formula".

To find out about that how the nominal frequency (with purple color) is defined, first, you should select it and then click on the “Reference Map” icon to view a map of the parameters to which the frequency is dependent. By clicking on any of the boxes in this section, the parameter that affects the final value of the frequency is displayed which, in here, the frequency is taken from “Fnom”. The value of “Fnom” parameter is, itself, based on a formula and is dependent on another parameter which by clicking on the “Map” box, you can see that a parameter named “Frequency” is used. This means that, since “50” is set as the value for “Nominal Values”, the value for “Fnom” is, according to its formula, “50” too and finally the amount of nominal frequency in “Nominal Values”, according to the defined relation, is “50” Hz.

Now, if you open the “XRio” file in “Notepad++”, you can view the path that was used to find the affective parameters in the software in the codes of this file. Follow the path “Rio->Device->Nominal Value” in the codes of this file until you find “Fnom”. You can see that this parameter has a value of “50” but has a “ValueRefList” whose affective parameters are in the mentioned “Reference”. To find this parameter, you need to follow the mentioned path which is “CUSTOM.RIOPLUS.POWERSYSTEMPARAMETERS.FNOM”. You can see that type, value, unit and formula of this parameter are mentioned in this path. It is mentioned in the formula of this section that if “ID_0009=FIFTY”, the value for this parameter is 50, otherwise it equals 60. It is also necessary to define the two phrases “ID_0009” and “FIFTY”. To view the definition of these two phrases, you need to open the “ValueRefList” tag. You can see that there is a “Value reference list” mentioned for each of these phrases. For “ID_0009” you should follow the path “CUSTOM.SETTINGS.ID_00” and find the value of “ID_0009”. In this case, you can see that this parameter is named “Frequency” and its “ForeginID:0009” and is of the “Enumeration” type. Also, in the “EnumList” tag, “50” Hz is defined for “FIFTY” while “60” Hz is defined for “SIXTY”.

The explained case is a very simple example of defining parameters values of a relay for test. An another example, it is possible to select and open the “ZONE P GROUND” block from the tree diagram of the distance block and then click on “M3” to view its parameters in the table. If the “Reference Map” of the “Angle” parameter is opened, you can see that this parameter is dependent on many other parameters. By clicking on any of the available boxes in this “Reference Map”, the given parameter for address is displayed.

In previous sections, some explanations about “XRio converter” and ways of addressing parameters were provided. According to what have been said, “XRio” has a series of “Xml” codes as well as various parts such as “Script”, “Custom” and “Rio”. In “Custom”, all the information that is included in a tree diagram of the software is defined in “XRio Converter”. “Script” includes intermediate functions by using which it is easier to create or define blocks and parameters of “Custom”. “Rio” block, mostly, contains specific fixed parts some of which such as “Name” and “Description” do not exist in the codes of “XRio Converter” and are added to the “Vebko AmPro Test” software separately.

As has already been said, if the cell color of any parameter is purple, it means that the value of this parameter is obtained by using <<from>> a formula and is related to some other parameters. To investigate the relationship between parameters and the influence of each parameter on other parameters, open its “Reference map”. For a more thorough examination of “Reference map”, if you select “Frequency” parameter from “System Data” block and then open its “Reference map”, by selecting “Reference End To this Node” radio button, you can see that this parameter affects two other parameters. You can see those parameters by clicking on any of the boxes (in which your intended parameter’s address is mentioned).

As another example, if you click on “DISTANCE ELEMENT” from “SETTING GROUP” tree diagram and open “Reference map” after selecting “Zp” parameter, you can see that this parameter has influence on so many other parameters in the settings of this relay and by changing this parameter, the related ones change too. On this page, in addition to observing the relationship between parameters based on value, it is possible to specify that based on what parameter is each block or parameter active or inactive. For example, by selecting “AUTORECLOSE” block and opening its “Reference map”, you can see that this block’s activeness is related to “Internal A/R” parameter but because “Disabled” mode is selected in the “Value” column, this block is inactive as well.

As another example, if you select “Dead time2” parameter from “AUTORECLOSE” and select “Enable” radio button from “Reference map”, you can see that this parameter’s activeness is related to the four other parameters displayed on the map of this page (”Reference map”).

After getting familiar with “XRio Converter”, it is necessary to, also, get familiar with the concept of “Name”, “ID”, “Foregin ID” and “Description”. ”ID” Definition: The relay producer companies define a unique “ID” for every parameter and in all relays of a brand, this ‘ID” is used for a specific parameter; for example, in the “7UT613” Siemens relay, “ID=21015” is related to the “PROT.OBJECT” parameter. This “ID” is used in other relays produced by this company for the same parameter. Also, in connecting to the relay via Modbus protocol, if this “ID” is sent to the relay as a “Packet”, the relay will return the parameter value related to the sent “ID”.

”Foreign ID”: Unlike “ID” which is used as a standard for identification of the same parameters in relays produced by a company, “Foreign ID” is used as a means of differentiation between parameters of different relays which allows them to be used in other software’s. As an example, in “7UT613” relay of Siemens, there is a parameter named “PROT.OBJECT” defined with “ID=21015” and “Foreign ID=0105”. If the user intends to enter and analyze some models of relays produced by different companies in a software like “Digsilent”.

The interesting point is that in some relays such as Siemens, the “ID” and “Foreign ID” are different while in some other relays such as “P441”, after loading its file in the “Load XRio and Rio file from list” page, it can be seen that the “ID” and “Foreign ID” are the same. Also, in “Name” and “Description” sections there is information, provided by the producer company, about name of the parameter as well as some description about that parameter.

An introduction to “XRio” and its difference with “XRio Converter”: By clicking on the “Import from list” icon on the “Load XRio and Rio file from list” page, “XRio Converter” of a relay is selected where the information regarding the relay is complete in the “Custom” and “Rio” sections. It should be noted that it is not possible to extract the “XRio Converter” file from a relay because producer companies do not put the file in their relays. In fact, the relay producer companies never limit their relays to a single tester device such as “Omicron”. 

Therefore, instead of the “XRio Converter” file, the relay producer companies provide a file with “.CSV” or “.text” format in which information of the “Custom” section along with the values set to the relay can be found. Upon extensive use of “XRio” which has been created by “Omicron” company, most relay producers decided to provide their users with “XRio” output files of their relays too. You should consider that this file is not the same as the “XRio Converter” file which is designed and written by producers of the tester device and is available in the tester software.

The “XRio” file of the relay contains “Custom” section as well as “Relay Parameter Section” and “Additional Information” blocks with the information and values set to the relay, but it does not contain “Rio Plus” and “Template Controller” sections. If, in the tester software, the “XRio Converter” file is selected correctly, after loading the “XRio” file of the relay in the “XRio Converter”, the settings and necessary information of the relay are completely imported to the “Rio” section.

Some more points regarding “XRio” and “XRio Converter” should be mentioned: The first point is that if the “XRio” file of the “7SA522” relay is opened in “notepad++”, by opening the “Rio Converter” tag it can be seen that unlike “XRio Converter”, there are no “Script References” functions in this section. Einige weitere Punkte zu „XRio“ und „XRio Converter“ sollen noch erwähnt warden:

The second point is that in the “Custom” tag, only information regarding “Setting” block is available which is the same as “Relay Parameter Section” in the software and in some relays such as “7SA522”, the information regarding “Additional Parameter” is also available which is the same as “Additional Information” in the software. Also, the information regarding “Device” block has been made available in the “Rio” section by a producer of the relay.

The third point is that if the “XRio” file of a relay is selected and loaded by clicking on “Import from file” and without “XRio Converter”, it can be seen that the mentioned sections are available in the “XRio” section of the software but because of not using the “XRio Converter”, the values of “RIO” section are not linked with the “XRio” information and only the “DEVICE” section has been completed according to the information of the “XRIO” file.

The last point is that if the “XRio” file of a differential relay such as “7UT613” is loaded in a universal room such as the sequencer room, in the “Rio” section, the blocks other than those completed according to the settings of the relay and information of the loaded “XRio” by “XRio Converter”, like “Distance” block which are entered to the software by the designer of the tester are empty of information because in the “XRio” file of the relay there is no information about them.

After getting familiar with “XRio” file that is provided by the relay as an output, it is necessary to get familiar with other sections of this file. First, open the “XRio” file of the “7SA522” Siemens relay with “notepad++”. In this file, the relay provides the user with the information regarding the “Setting” as well as the values that are “Set” to the relay. As it has been said before, in this file, unlike “XRio Converter”, there are no “Script References” functions in “Rio Converter” tag.

The information related to “Relay Parameter Section” block with “ID=Setting” can be found in the “Custom” tag while the relay parameter information is available in its subcategories. For example, you can find “ID=PID_16611”, “Description=Setting Group Change Option”, “Foreign ID= 0103”, “Data Type= Enumeration” and “Enum List” in the parameter with “Name= Grp Chge OPTION”. Moreover, the information regarding “Device” block is mentioned in the “Rio” section. 

Entering relay information in the software: Before loading the “7SA522” relay settings in “Vebko AMvPro Test” software, it is necessary, the “XRio Converter” file related to “7SA522” Siemens relay, which is available in the “Vebko AMPro Test” software, to be loaded. By clicking on “Import from list” icon, the “Load XRio and Rio file from list” page opens. On this page, in “XRio” mode, the model of “7SA522” relay is entered in the “Search” field. Then, its “XRio Converter” should be selected. After this file is loaded, the “XRio” file of the relay should be entered. To do this, click on “File” menu, then select “Load Relay Setting”. After that, select “XRio” relay output format from “Relay Config Type” field.

In the “Config file path” the path to the “XRio” file is determined and the “XRio” file is selected. In the “Matching Algorithm” section, the user needs to specify the type of information that is to be loaded from the “XRio” file to the “XRio Converter”. If “Equal ID” option is checked and the other options are unchecked, then, only those parameters of the relay whose “ID” is the same in the “XRio” and “XRio Converter” files are loaded in the software. By clicking on “OK”, a message is displayed. In this message, the phrase “Parameter Values Imported” shows the number of parameters that are loaded in the software and their “ID” is the same as the “XRio Converter”.

Also, the “Different Names” phrase shows the number of loaded parameters that have the same “ID” but whose “Name” is not the same in “XRio” and “XRio Converter” files. The phrase “Corrected Names” shows the number of parameters whose “Name”, being different, is corrected by the software in accordance with the “XRio Converter”. The phrase “Errors” shows the number of erred parameters. The error can have various reasons; for example, the “Type” of a “Text” parameter can be specified as “String” in the “XRio Converter”.  The phrase “Corrected Errors” shows the number of parameters whose error is corrected according to the “XRio Converter”. The phrase “Duplicate IDs” shows the number of parameters that have the same “ID” or “Foreign ID” in “XRio Converter” or “XRio” file. In such a case, Vebko software does not load the values of these parameters.

After clicking on “OK”, the relay information is loaded in the “XRio Converter”. After the relay information is loaded, the parameters entered on the left side are displayed in “Relay Config Log” field at the bottom of “Test Object” page while “xml” format of the “XRio” file is displayed on the right side. For example, the “Grp Chge OPTION” parameter is loaded in the software with no problem or the name of “RG/RL(>Z1)” parameter in “XRio” file is different from its name in “Xrio Converter” file.

Load Relay Setting Page: By reopening “Load Relay Setting” window, after determining the format of the relay file and selecting the path of “XRio” file, by clicking on “Advanced View” option, a window with the same name opens. Tree diagrams and the “xml” format of these two files are located at the top and bottom of this page, respectively, in a way that the “XRio” file of the relay can be seen on the right while the “XRio Converter” file can be seen on the left. If “Show XML documents” option is checked, these two files are, also, displayed as “xml”. For example, in the “XRio” file of the relay in “CUSTOM” block, the “Grp Chge OPTION” has “ID=PID_16611”. This parameter has the same “ID” in “CUSTOM” block in the “Xrio Converter” file of the software. As another example, a parameter in “XRio” file with “Id=PDI_25555” is named “50(N) – B1 instBl” while in “Xrio Converter” file the same “ID” is named “50(N)-B1 Pil/Bl”. This is why this parameter is placed in “Different Names” category.

In “Matching Algorithm” part of the “Load Relay Setting” window, if the “Equal Foreign ID” option is checked, the parameters whose “Foreign ID” is the same in both “XRio” and “XRio Converter” files of the relay, are loaded. If the “XRio Contains Setting Foreign ID” and “Setting Contains XRio Foreign ID” options are checked, the parameters whose “Foreign ID” in “XRio” file includes some additional parameters, such as a letter or a half-space, are loaded and vice versa. For example, a parameter’s “Foreign ID= 109A” in XRio file while the same parameter’s “Foreign ID= 109A-B” in “XRio Converter” file. If the “XRio Contains Setting Foreign ID” option is checked, this parameter is loaded in the software and vice versa.

The “Equal Code of Foreign ID (PCM600)” option is for “ABB” relays. There is no connection between the “Foreign ID” of relay’s “XRio” and “XRio Converter” file in “XRio” file of these relays but in some conditions, the “Foreign”s in the “XRio” file of the relay and “XRio Converter” file are connected. For example, on the “Test Object” page, by clicking on “Import from file”, first, an “XRio Converter” related to the “ABB REL 65f0” is loaded; then, by clicking on “File” menu and selecting “Load Relay Setting” option, the “XRio” file related to this relay is selected. Also, in the “Matching Algorithm” tab, only the “Equal Code of Foreign ID (PCM600)” option is checked. By opening the “Advanced View” page, both files are displayed as “xml”.

As an example, a parameter named “BIM_3” with a specific “Foreign ID” is selected in the “XRio Converter” file while this parameter has a different “Foreign ID” in the “XRio” file of the relay. But it is seen that a part of the “Foreign ID” is the same in both files which means that the eight first characters and then the four second, third and fourth characters and the twelve fifth characters should be the same in the “Foreign ID” of both files so that this parameter is loaded in the “XRio Converter”. Then, by clicking on “OK”, it is seen that “2179” parameters are loaded in the “XRio Converter”.

To write the “XRio Converter” file, it is necessary to get familiar with some concepts. To begin, load “XRio Converter” of “7SJ62” relay in “Test Object” window. By clicking on “50” block in the path of “50/51 Overcur”, “Setting Group A” and “Relay Parameter Section” on tree diagram of the “XRio Converter” file, parameters of the “50” block are displayed.

Description of a block’s specifications: By double-clicking on “50” block, the “Rio Parameter Viewer” window opens; you can find “ID”, “Name” and “Description” of a block in “General Settings” section. Also, it is possible to specify a “Comment” and “Foreign ID” in every block. In the “Enabled” section you can see whether a block is enabled and if it’s dependent on a formula. By clicking on “…” option, “XRio Formula Editor” window opens.

On the right of this window, a formula is written for this block. “References” section includes “Ref. Enums” and “Ref. Params” sections and whether the “50” block is enabled depends on parameters and the “Enumerations” added in this section. To add a parameter, click on “+” option and select a parameter from the “XRio” tree diagram on the “Add Ref. Param” window; its details are displayed in the “Details” section. Details include “Name”, “ID”, “Description”, “Value”, “Data Type”, RefParam Name” and “RefEnum Name”. “Ref Enums” of this parameter are displayed in the form of a tree diagram at the bottom of the page.

By clicking on “Add RefParam” and “Add RefEnum” options respectively, the selected parameter and its “RefEnum” are added to the “References” section. After adding the parameters to the “References” section, the formula should be entered on the right side by using the “ID” of the added parameters. Also, you can use the toolbar available on this page to write the formula. In the “Result” section, the final formula along with the type of acceptable data and the result of this formula are displayed. After writing the formula, you should click on “Test” option. If the formula is written correctly, a notification “Test was successful” is displayed.

Description of a parameter’s specifications: If you double-click on one of the parameters from the “State” column, for example, “50-3 PICKUP” parameter, the “Rio Parameter Viewer” window opens. In the “General Setting” section, just like the “Block” section’s description, the same info, such as “Foreign ID” and “ID” are displayed but this time for a parameter. The difference is that this time there are “Value Properties” and “Display Properties” sections as well. In the “Value Properties” section, the value of a parameter, as well as its type and maximum / minimum allowed values are mentioned. Also, it is possible to depend on the value of a parameter on another parameter by using the formula.

In this case, its formula is displayed in the “Formula” field which is exactly similar to the “Block” section. If the value of a parameter depends on another parameter, its cell is purple. In “Display Properties” section, the settings related to how the value of a parameter is displayed are set. In the “Unit” field, the unit of the parameter and in the “Digits after decimal” field, the number of decimals displayed the “Value” field is specified. In the “Multiplier” field, it is possible to specify a coefficient for unit of the parameters. For example, if unit A is specified, by selecting coefficient K, this parameter is displayed in kilo amperes.

To write an “XRio Converter” file in the “Test Object” page, first, you need to add a block. To begin, right-click on “Custom” block and select “Add Block”. Also, you can use “Ctrl+B” Combined key to add a block.  Likewise, another block is added to the subset of “Custom” block.

Then, the blocks should be named; to rename the blocks, right-click on “Custom” block and select “Rename Block”. “7sj62” is selected as the name for this block which is an example of an Over current relay. It should be noted that you can also use “F2” shortcut key to rename a block. The blocks “Block1” and “Block2” are named “Relay Parameter Section” and “Additional Information” respectively according to the relay menu. 

After naming them, you should specify “ID”, “Name”, etc. for each of the blocks. By double-clicking on “7sj62” block on “Rio Parameter Viewer” page, “ID=CUSTOM” and “Name=7sj62” are specified. You can also specify “Description= Custom defined relay parameters”, “Foreign ID” and “Comment” for this block. In “Enabled” section, by selecting “Enable” it is specified that this block is active (enabled). Then, click on “OK” to save the changes. Likewise, double-click on “Relay Parameter Section” and specify “ID=SETTING”. Also, for the “Additional Information” block, specify “ID=ADD_PARAM”. It should be noted that only capital letters are accepted as “ID” and it is not possible to use characters such as “()”, “{}”, “/” etc. the only allowed character is “_”.

Next, the “Relay Parameter Section” block is selected and three more blocks are added to its subset. The first block is named “Device Config” and by double-clicking on it, “ID=DC” (short for Device Config.) is specified. To add a parameter to this block, right-click on it and select “Add Parameter”; then select the parameter type from the options available in the “Enumeration” on the “Parameter Type” window. Then, the list of “Enumerations” of this parameter is specified on the “Edit Enumeration Items” window and for each “Enumeration”, “ID(string)” and “Value(string)” is entered. For example, the first “Enumeration” with “ID=TXT_1_101” and “Value=Disabled”, the second “Enumeration” with “ID=TXT_2_101” and “Value=Definite Time” and the third “Enumeration” with “ID=TXT_1_101” and “Value=Time Overcurrent” are specified. By clicking on “OK”, this parameter is added to the box on the right side and a “Name” and an “ID” should be specified for it. By double-clicking on “State” column, “Rio Parameter Viewer” window opens and “ID=OC_101”, “Name=50/51” and “Description=Time Overcurrent” are specified for the parameter.

Next, rename the second block to “Power System Data” and by double-clicking on it, specify “ID=PS” (short for Power System). Then, add another block named “CT’s” with “ID=CT” to the subset of this block. Now, add a “Real” type parameter to this block. “Real” type is used for parameters with numerical value. By double-clicking on “State” column, on this window, specify “ID=CT_PRIMARY”, “Name=CT PRIMARY”, “Value=300”, “Min Value=10”, “Max Value=5000” and “Unit=A” for the parameter. This time add an “Enumeration” type parameter and specify two “Enumerations” with “ID=TXT_1_201”, “Value=1A”, “ID=TXT_2_201” and “Value=5A”. Then, by double-clicking on “State” column, specify “ID=CT_SEC” and “Name=CT Secondary”.

Now, to proceed, press “F2” button and rename the third block to “Setting Group” and by double-clicking on it, specify “ID=SG” (short for Setting Group). By using “Ctrl+B” combination key, add another block to the subset of this block and name It “50/51”; then double-click on it and specify “ID=ID_50_51” for this block. Add two more blocks with the names of “50” and “51” to the subset of this block and specify “ID=ID_50” and “ID=ID_51” for them respectively.

In the “50” block which includes the function “50”, add “Time Delay 50” and “Pickup 50” parameters according to the aforementioned information. As an example, for “Pickup 50” parameter, information such as “ID=PICKUP_50” and “Name=Pickup 50” are specified on “Rio Parameter Viewer” window.

Likewise, add two parameters to block “51”. After adding these two parameters with names of “Pickup 51” and “Time Dial 51”, you should add another parameter in which curve function “51” is specified. This parameter is of “Enumeration” type with two “Enumerations” and with “ID=TXT_1_51”, “Value=Normal Inverse”, “ID=TXT_2_51” and “Value=Very Inverse”. Then, double-click on “State” column and specify “ID=CURVE_51” and “Name=IEC_Curve”.

Add a block named “Relay Information” with “ID=RI” (short for Relay Information) to the subset of “Additional Parameter” block. In this new block, information such as time and current tolerances are entered which are specified according to the manual of the relay. To do this, press “Ctrl+P”, select a “Real” type parameter and specify “ID=I_TOL_ABS1” and “Name=I Tolerance abs” for this parameter and then according to the manual of the relay, specify “10mA” as its “Value”. Add more parameters to this block with names of “Operate Time”, “t-Tolerance rel”, t-Tolerance abs”, “I-Tolerance abs5” and “I-Tolerance rel5”. The information related to these parameters is mentioned on each line. So far, the information about “Relay Parameter Section” and “Additional Information” for the overcurrent function is provided simply and briefly. Also, the structure of “XRio Converter” is completely covered. Now, whether these blocks are enabled should be determined.

So far, “Relay Parameter Section” and “Additional Information” for an Overcurrent function have been explained simply and briefly; also we have completely covered the structure of “XRio Converter” menu. Now we should talk about determining whether these blocks and parameters are enabled.

Enabling and disabling blocks: “50/51” block is located under the subcategory of “Setting Group”. To associate the enabling of “50/51” block to the parameter measure of “50/51” in the “Device Config” block, double-click on “50/51” block and select “Formula” in “Enabled” section. Then, click on “…” icon to open “XRio Formula Editor” window. The parameter with which the enabling of “50/51” block is associated should be entered in “References” section.

To enter the intended parameter, click on “+” to open “Add Ref.Param” window. From the box at the top of the page, select “50/51” parameter from the tree diagram of “XRio Converter” file in the “Device Config” block. After selecting this parameter, by clicking on “Add RefParam”, “50/51” parameter is added to the “References” in the “Ref.Params” section. “Enumerations” of this parameter are listed at the bottom of the page in the form of a tree diagram. Select your intended “Enumeration” and click on “Add RefEnum” to add the enumeration to “Ref. Enums” section. “Enumeration=Disabled” with “ID=TXT_1_101” is selected here. After closing this window, you can view the path to each parameter in the “Path” column. Paths are displayed by using the “ID” of each block. For example, “50/51” parameter with “ID=OC_101” is located along the path of “CUSTOM”, “SETTING” and “ID” blocks. Also, for writing the formula, “ID” of these parameters is used.  

In the right box, it is specified that if there is a parameter with “ID=OC_101” and “Enumeration=Disabled”, “50/51” block should be enabled. This formula is written as “NOT OC_101=TXT_1_101”. After clicking on “Test”, if a message saying “Test was successful” is displayed, the formula is correct and there is no problem. If a tiny change is made to the formula, for example the “ID” is changed, by clicking on “Test” a message saying that there is no parameter with “ID=TXT_2_101” will be displayed. Then, by clicking on “OK” two more messages will be displayed saying that the displayed formula is not correct and the last message says “Test was not successful”. By correcting the formula and closing the “XRio Formula Editor” window, you can see that the status of the block is “False” and this block, displayed with an “X” sign, is disabled. If the measure of “50/51” parameter is changed in the “Device Config” block, (Value=Definite Time), the “50/51” block is enabled and the “X” mark is removed.

Likewise, it is possible to associate enabling or disabling of other blocks with one or several parameters. Like the previous situation, a formula should be written for “50” block. By repeating the previous stages and selecting “50/51” parameter and “Enumeration=Disabled” with “ID=TXT_1_101”, a formula should be written for the activeness of this parameter on the “XRio Formula Editor”. This formula is written as “NOT OC_101=TXT_1_101”. So, whenever “50/51” block is enable, this block should be enable as well. Click on “Test” to validate the written formula and in the end click on “OK”.

For enabling of “51” block, double-click on it and select “Formula”. After opening the “Add Ref.Param” window, select “50/51 parameter and “Enumerations” of “Disabled” and “Definite Time”. In fact, “51” block is enabled when enumerations of “Disabled” and “Definite Time” are not selected. Then, the formula is written as “NOT OC_101=TXT_1_101_ AND NOT OC_101=TXT_2_101”. Click on “Test” to validate the formula and finally click on “OK”. If “Definite Time” is selected as the value of “50/51” parameter in the “Device Config” block, “50/51” and “50” blocks are enabled while “51” block is disabled. If “Time Overcurrent” is selected as the value of “50/51” parameter, all three blocks are enabled.

Enabling and disabling parameters: In each block, it is possible to associate Enabling of parameters with another parameter. For example, in “51” block, “IEC Curve” parameter is enable when “Time Overcurrent” is selected as the value of “50/51” parameter. To do this, double-click on “State” column and select “Formula” from the “Enabled” section. By clicking on “…”icon in the “XRio Formula Editor” window like the previous example, in the “Add Ref.Param” window “50/51” parameter and “Enumeration=Time Overcurrent” with “ID=TXT_3_101” are selected and added to the “References” section. The formula is written as “OC_101=TXT_3_101” at the right side and by clicking on “Test” the validity of the formula is examined and the “OK” is selected. If in “Device Config” block, “Time Overcurrent” is selected as the value of “50/51” parameter, “IEC Curve” parameter is enabled while if “Definite Time” is selected, “IEC Curve” parameter is disabled.

After completing the information regarding “Relay Parameter Section” and “Additional Information” sections, it is necessary to-you should- complete information of the “Rio” section as well. In “Rio” section, by double-clicking on any block, a window, which includes information about parameters of that block, opens; this information is also available in the tree diagram of that block. For example, parameters like “Device Name”, “Manufacturer”, etc. are located in “Name Plate” block. It is possible to assign a value to these parameters directly or associate them with parameters from “Custom” section by using formulas. In this video, necessary parameters for an overcurrent function are linked to values from the “Custom” section. Note that in writing a formula, the “ID” of each parameter is used.

Linking parameters of “Rio” section: In this video –the target- our goal is to complete the information regarding the “51” function. “In”, “I prim”, etc. parameters are located at the “Nominal Values” section. To link values of the “In” parameter with the values of “XRio”, it is necessary to define a formula for this parameter. To do so, after double-clicking on “State” column, in “Rio Parameter Viewer” window from “Value Properties” section, click on “…” icon in the “Formula” field to open “XRio Formula Editor” window. On this window, first the intended parameter (CT Secondary) should be entered. To do this, click on “+” and in “Add Ref.Param” window, select “CT Secondary” parameter from the “XRio” tree diagram. Then, select “Enumeration=1A” and “ID=TXT_1_201” from the box at the bottom of the page to add them to the “References” section. -For The “In” parameter when the “CT Secondary” parameter’s “Enumeration=1A” ,the value of the parameter “In=1A”; otherwise, it should be “5A”. To write this formula, the “If” command is used in a way that the final formula is “IIf(CT_SEC=TXT_1_201,1,5)”. Then, click on “Test” to validate the formula. In the “Result” section, “Result Value=1A”. Finally, click on “OK” to save the settings.

You can see that the color of “Value” cell of “In” parameter is turned into purple which means that its value is associated with another parameter based on the formula in the “Formula” column. Also, by clicking on “Reference map”, you can see that the value of this parameter is linked to another parameter. By double-clicking on the box of the parameter, the given address for this parameter (CT Secondary) is displayed. If the value of this parameter is changed to “5A”, the value of “In” parameter changes accordingly. The value of “I prim” parameter is linked to the value of “CT Primary” parameter in the same way. By following the mentioned steps, “CT Primary” parameter is added to the “References” section. Because this parameter is of the “Real” type and lacks “Enumeration”, to write the formula, only the phrase “CT_PRIMARY” is entered. The written formula means that the “I prim” parameter will have the same value as the “CT Primary” parameter.

“Overcurrent” block: After completing “Device” block, information of the “Overcurrent” block should be completed. By double-clicking on this block, you can see that there is a series of parameters in “Relay Parameters” and “Elements” tabs which are also available from the “Overcurrent” tree diagram separately. Also, in the “General” block, parameters such as “Time Tolerance Relative”, “Time Tolerance Absolute”, Current Tolerance Relative” and “Current Tolerance Minimum” are available. The information regarding these parameters is available from “Relay Information” block in “Custom” section. These parameters should be used in the “Rio” section as well. It should be noted that the value of “Reference Current” parameter is, by default, linked to the value of “INOM” parameter in the “Nominal Values” block. Double-click on the “State” column in “Time Tolerance Relative” parameter and on “Rio Parameter Viewer” window, click on “…” option. On the “XRio Formula Editor” window in the “References” section, after clicking on “+”, “t-Tolerance rel” parameter is added to the “References” section from the “XRio” tree diagram. Then, the formula is written in form of “TTOLREL”. Next, click on “TEST” and after “Test was successful” message is displayed, click on “OK”. A “5%” value is displayed in the “Result Value” section. Likewise, the value of “Time Tolerance Absolute” and “Current Tolerance Relative” parameters are linked to and associated with the values of “t-Tolerance abs” and “I-Tolerance rel” parameters. In the manual of the relay, “Current Tolerance Minimum” parameter is stated as that there is at least “10mA" and “50mA" current error in “1A” and “5A” nominal currents respectively. To state this parameter in the software, the formula should be written as “0.01*Inom”. First, it should be determined whether the nominal current is “1A” or “5A”. Because the “Current Tolerance Minimum” parameter is stated in accordance with “IREF”, to write the formula, “CT Secondary” and “Reference Current” parameters and “Enumeration=1A” with “ID=TXT_1_201” are should be selected and added to “References” section. Finally, the formula is written as “0.01*if(CT_SEC=TXT_1_201,1,5)/IREF”.

Note that in the “CT” block, the values of “IPrim” and “ISec” parameters are, by default, linked to the values of “IPRIM” and “INOM” parameters in “Nominal Values” section. Moreover, the parameters of “VT”, “Neutral CT” and “Residual VT” blocks are, by default, linked to the values of “XRio Converter”. The “Timed Overcurrent Element” subcategory in the “Overcurrent Elements” block gives us information about “50/51” function like “Pickup” current and operation time. As mentioned before, in this video, our goal is to complete the information of “51” function. To activate “51” block, double-click on “OverCurrent” block. Then, in the “Element” tab double click on “Tripping Characteristic” column and select “IEC Normal Inverse” curve from the “Manage / Select characteristic” window and then click on “OK”. Then, in the “Operating Curves” block, you can see that the “51” curve is defined as an “IEC Normal Inverse” and the information about this curve is displayed as well.

In the previous video, the information regarding “Device” block and some parts of “Overcurrent” block such as “General”, “CT” and “VT” were completely covered.  As mentioned before, under the “Elements” tab by double-clicking on “Overcurrent” block, “Normal Inverse” curve is selected for “51” function; the information related to this curve is located in “Overcurrent Elements” block. Now we are going to complete the “Overcurrent Elements” block information.

Enabling a characteristic curve: As you can see, activeness or inactiveness of the characteristic curves is determined in “Active” column. To link the value of this parameter which is located in the “Timed Overcurrent Element” block, by following the mentioned steps in previous videos, in “Add Ref.Param” window in “Device Config” block, “50/51” parameter with “Enumeration=Time Overcurrent IEC” and “ID=TXT_3_101” is selected and in “51” block, “IEC Curve” parameter with “Enumeration=Normal Inverse” with “ID=TXT_1_51” is selected and added to “References” section. Then, the formula is written as “OC_101=TXT_3_101 AND CURVE_51=TXT_1_51”. To validate the written formula, click on “Test” and finally click on “OK”.

Determining the value of lpickuup.nom: The parameters related to “Ipickup” current and its tolerances are located in “Pick up Current” block. To link the current value of “Ipickup” whose value is a coefficient of “IREF”, double click on “State” column and by clicking on icon “…” in “Value Properties” section, click on “+” on “XRio Formula Editor” window and select parameter “Pickup 51” from “51” block and “Reference Current” parameter from “General” block on the “XRio” tree diagram to add them to “References” section. Then, using the “ID” of added parameters, the formula is written in the box at the right side as “PICKUP_51/IREF”. The formula is validated by clicking on “Test”. The value of “Ipickup.nom” parameter is calculated in accordance with that the value of “Pickup 51=1A” in “51” block and the value of “CT Secondary=1A” in “CT’S” block.

Determining the current tolerances: To link the value of “Tolerance Absolute Positive” parameter with “Current Tolerance Minimum” parameter, by following the mentioned steps from the “XRio” tree diagram, in the “General” and “Overcurrent” blocks from the “Rio” section, the “Current Tolerance Minimum” parameter is added to “References” section and the formula is written as “CURRENTTOLABS” in the box at the right side and then the formula is validated.

Likewise, the values of “Tolerance Absolute Negative", “Tolerance Relative Positive” and “Tolerance Relative Negative” parameters are linked with parameters with “ID=CURRENTTOLABS”, “ID=CURRENTTOLREL” and “ID=CURRENTTOLREL” respectively. The “Tolerance Actual Positive” parameter selects the highest amount of positive tolerance from “Tolerance Absolute Positive” and “Tolerance Relative Positive” and based on a percentage of “IREF” puts it in its “Value” field. So, by following the previous steps and adding “Ref.Params”, the formula is written as “Max(TOLABSPOS,TOLRELPOS*NOMVAL/100)” and validated.

“Tolerance Actual Negative” parameter is almost the same as the previous parameter. The only difference is that it calculates the highest amount of negative tolerance and its formula is written as “Max(TOLABSNEG,TOLRELNEG*NOMVAL/100)”. Also, for “Test Positive” parameter, the formula is written as “NOMVAL+TOLACTPOS+NOMVAL*TESTTOL/100”. This parameter shows the maximum total error of the test which may occur because of measurement error of current transformers, test device, noise, etc. in “Test Negative” parameter, the formula is written as “NOMVAL – TOLACTNEG –NOMVAL * TESTTOL / 100” which shows the minimum total error of the test.

After determining current tolerances, the information related to “Time Multiplier/Trip Time” block should be completed. In this block, by following the mentioned steps, the value of “Nom.Time Multiplier” parameter should be linked with “Time Dial 51” parameter which is located in “51” block.

According to “IEC” standard, the “Ipickup” current value of relays can range from “1.1” times to “1.3” times of the nominal current. Based on the manual of this relay, “1.1” is selected for this relay which means that the relay must not “Pickup” less than the determined current. This parameter is located in “Min Operate Current” block with the name of “Nom.Min.Op.Curr” and its value should be linked with “1.1” times of the nominal current. So, the formula is written as “1.1*NOMVAL”. According to “IEC” standard, if the injected current is bigger than “20” times of the nominal current, the relay should give a trip at a “Definite” time. This parameter is located in “Max Operate Current” block with the name of “Nom.Max.Op.Curr” but in this video, we skipped entering the information of this parameter. It should be noted that the activeness of “Range Limits” value should be linked with another parameter in “Device Config” block. This parameter is located in “Timed Overcurrent Element” block with the name of “Use Range Limits”. By repeating the mentioned steps for linking and selecting the “50/51” parameter and “Enumeration=Time Overcurrent IEC” with “ID=TXT_3_101”, the formula is written as “OC_101=TXT_3_101” and after testing, the “OK” option is selected. You can find this parameter in “Elements” tab of “Overcurrent” block. If this option is enabled, the relay must not “Pickup” in current values less than “lmin”.

The information regarding the curve is mentioned in the tree diagram of “Operating Curves” and “Standard Curve” blocks.

You can view the changes made by double-clicking on “Overcurrent” block. Under the “Relay Parameters” tab, the tolerance values are derived from the determined formula and its cell color is turned purple. Also, under the “Elements” tab, the parameters for which a formula is determined are turned purple. Then, click on “Ok” so save the settings. You can see that the “Normal Inverse” curve is displayed on “Overcurrent Characteristic” window.

To further examine the validity of written “XRio” file, some cases are tested as a sample. To do this, “Disabled” is selected in “Device Config” block and then by double-clicking on “Overcurrent” block, you can see that the curve has been disabled. Also, by clicking on “Ok”, no curve is displayed on “Overcurrent Characteristic” window.

As another example, the value of “Time Overcurrent IEC” is selected in “Device Config” block and in “51” block, “Pickup 51=4A" is determined as the current value while “Time Dial 51=0.5” is determined as time. In the “Overcurrent” block it is observed that the same changes are made. For example, the minimum current value is “Ipickup=4.4A”. After clicking on “OK”, the changes are made to “Overcurrent Characteristic” window.

Before talking about the “AMT-Sequencer” room and its features, because there are items that are related to the “Device Setting” information, it is necessary to provide some additional information about this section. At the left of this page, the general information about the relay is entered. This information includes name of the manufacturer, type of the relay, serial number, installation location etc. As the type of information in this section indicates, this information is used merely as report and does not affect the test or its results. But the information at the right which is partly derived from the relay settings can be used as a reference for determining the voltage and current output of the device.

In “Nominal Values” section the information related to nominal frequency and turn ratio of PT and CT are entered. From the information of this section, the PT secondary voltage is known as nominal voltage while the CT secondary voltage is known as nominal current. Note that in “Vprimary” and “Vsecondary” section, it is possible to enter the ratio of transformation in line to line or phase. In “Residual Voltage/Current Factor” section, the coefficients of residual voltage and current for relays where the residual voltage and current are separated from the input voltage and current are mentioned. These coefficients are used to calculate VE and IE. In “Limits” section, the range of maximum output voltage and current of the device are specified and the user can, according to the type of wiring specified in “Hardware Configuration” section, determine the maximum output voltage and current of the device.

In the “Debounce Time” field In “Debounce/Deglitch Filter” section, it is specified that every 3 milliseconds, the device examines the signal transmission from the relay. In “Deglitch Time” section, it is specified that the transferred signal from the relay should be retained for 400 microseconds until the reception of signal is detected. Note that both of these values can range from 200 to 1.5 microseconds.

By using “Save to template” option, the information entered in this section is saved in the software as a template and it is possible to load this template by using the “Load Template” option. The “Import” option is used when the user wishes to use the settings of this section on another computer or to be able to recover the settings after cleaning the cache of the software.

After getting familiar with “Hardware Configuration” and “Test Object” pages which are used for configuring the device and entering the relay characteristics, now it is time to get familiar with the "AMT-Sequencer" room. As mentioned in previous videos, “AMT-Seque ncer”, is the main room of the software and it is possible to design, run and evaluate all tests of the relays and equipment from this room. To design any test, first, it is necessary to become familiar with the pages as well as features of this room. This room includes all windows, diagrams and options that a user needs for doing a test.

“Table View” window: different states of injected signal, analog and digital inputs and outputs of the device for performing a test are created in this window as tables named “state”.

“Detail View” window: details related to each “State”, including the type of “State”, status of “Binary Outputs”, status of all “States” etc. are located in this window.

“Signal View” window: the overall waveform of the output signal of the device and “Binaries/Analog”s of inputs and outputs of the device during a test are displayed in diagrams of this window in accordance with the settings of every “State”.

“Vector View” window: injected signals of the device in form of vectors, differentiating between imaginary and real values, main harmonic etc. are displayed on this window. This window and “Signal View” window are used to analyze the performance of the relay as well as resolving issues.

“Measurement View” window: this window is used for time and value assessment of the results of the performed tests. It is possible to set the settings of this page before or after performing the test and evaluate the performance of the relay and the tested equipment.

“Star-condition Repetition” window: this window has three main tabs where it is possible to specify the conditions to start the test, repetition time of every test and settings related to the test counter.

“Harmonic Restraint View” and “Impedance View” windows: these two windows are used to view the impedance, differential trajectory and “Power Swing” test.

The first step in designing a test is to make different states of the test in “Table View” window. This means that to simulate fault state, it is necessary to inject signal several stage and receive feedback. Every stage of the test is showed on this window in form of a table named “state” and each “state” is made of several components.

To open the “Table View” window, it is possible to use “View” menu or the toolbar at the top of the page. In the first part of every “state”, RMS value, phase and frequency of the outputs of the device, which are selected in “Hardware Configuration” part, are specified. In the first column of this part, the RMS value of the outputs of the device is specified. The maximum allowed value is determined in “Limits” section in “Test Object” page. In the second column, the phase of the output signals of the device is specified which can be between 0 to 360 degrees. Also, in the third column the frequency of the output signals of the device are specified which can be between 0 to 1.5 kHz. If DC signal is needed, the frequency should be specified as 0.

In the “Bin. Out” section, the open/close state of “Binary Outputs” of the device is determined in accordance with the user’s wish. In the “Trigger” section, the conditions of “state” completion are determined which can be based on time, by pressing “space” button by the user and, also, based on receiving a specified signal from the relay or a combination of all three of these conditions. It is necessary to consider these two points:

The first point is that in this section, it is possible to activate the related condition by double-clicking on any of the icons. To adjust the settings related to the “Inputs” you can do so from “Detail View” window or simply by checking “Trigger Condition” option.

The second point: these conditions have “OR” logic with each other. This means that if several conditions are met, if one of them is true, the current “state” ends. In the next section the type of “state” is determined which can be selected from the available drop-down list. Note that each of these types is described in “Detail View” section. In “Bin. Input” section, the momentarily receival state of signal on every activated binary inputs is specified. In the “Comment” section, any important note about each “state” is recorded by the user. Note that entering information in this section is only possible in “Detail View” page.

By right-clicking on any column of the “Table View” window, a list containing several options opens. Each of these options is designed for a specific purpose. After right-clicking on the column related to “RMS” value, by selecting “Nominal Value”, the amount of current and voltage in each cell is changed to specified nominal values in “Device” block in “Test Object” page. By selecting “Zero” it is possible to set the cell value to zero. If the user wishes the voltage or current in all three phases to be equal to the selected cell value, they can select the “Equal Magnitudes” option. Also by checking “Link Magnitude” option, the values of all three phases will be linked together. It should be noted that if two groups of voltage or current are activated from “Hardware Configuration”, you can see that the three phases of group A are linked together while the three phases of Group B are linked together. To better understand this, enter 2amps as the current for one of the phases of group A and enter 4amps as the current for one of the phases of group B.

The “100% Load” option is used for changing the current to nominal value. The “50% Load” option is used for changing the current to half of the nominal value and the “Unloaded” option is used for changing the current to zero. Note that by selecting any of these options, the voltage is changed to the nominal value.

If the user copies the  values of voltage and current by right-clicking in “Vector View” window and selecting “Copy to Clipboard”, by selecting “Paste From Vector View Clipboard” in “Table View” window they can paste these values in their intended “state”. Also, by clicking on “L1L2L3->L3L1L2” option, the rotation of the phases as well as their values will change.

“Link to XRio” option enables the user to relate the value of voltage, current, phase or frequency to any desired parameter in “XRio”. By selecting this option, “Link to XRio” window opens where the desired parameter can be selected. For example, in the “XRio” tree diagram in “Rio” section, in “Nominal Value” branch in “Device” block, the “In” parameter is selected. Also, it is possible to multiply the selected parameter by a specific value or add it to a specific value which is, finally, displayed in the box at the bottom. On the top right of this window it is possible to search a parameter. By checking “Filter by Sender Unit” on the left, all “XRio” parameters which have the same “unit” with the selected parameter in “Sequencer” are marked.

After linking the intended voltage, you can see that the selected cell is turned purple which indicates that this cell is linked with a value from the “XRio”. By selecting “Go to Linked Value”, it is possible to view that the selected parameter in “Sequencer” is linked with which parameter in “XRio”.  If the user does not wish the parameter to be linked with “XRio”, it is possible to remove the link by selecting “Remove Link” option.

By right-clicking on this column and selecting “Line Angle”, the angles of the selected voltage or current will equal with angle value of transmission line. It is possible to view and adjust this value in “Distance” block in “Test Object” page. By selecting “Zero”, it is possible to set the selected voltage or current to zero. If the user wishes to have the minimum amount of received current in the beginning of voltage injection, by selecting "90°" option, the phase of the injected voltage is set to 90 degrees. Balance Angle” option is selected for each cell, the related signal is selected as the reference signal and other phases are set at a degree with a 120 degrees, degree of difference with the reference signal.

The “Reverse Rotation” option does the same in counterclockwise. This means that if this option is selected for a cell, regardless of its phase value, -120 degrees is Added to the next phase, respectively. By clicking on “Link angles (Equals)”, the angles of all three phases are equated and if one of them is changed, the others change accordingly. Also, the “Link angles (Balance)” option causes that if one of the phases is changed, the others change with a 120 degree difference.

By selecting the “Nominal Value” from the options available for this column, the frequency value in each cell is changed to its nominal value in the “Device” block in the “Test Object” page. By selecting “DC”, the frequency is changed to zero and it is possible to produce “DC” signal.

If the user wishes all the frequency values to be equal, the “Equal Frequency” option can be used. By selecting this option for any cell, the frequency of other signals is set equal to the selected cell."Link Frequency" links all values of the frequencies with each other. This means that if one of the frequencies is changed, the other frequencies change the same amount as well and all the signals will always have the same frequency. If you need signals with different frequencies, you should uncheck this option.

If you wish to create “DC” decaying signal, after setting the frequency to zero, it is possible to enter the time constant in the phase column. As you know, the relation of a decaying signal is written as “A*e^(-t*T)”. In this relation “A” is amplitude while “T” is the opposite of time constant. This means that the number you enter is the “T”.

By double-clicking on any window in the software it is possible to maximize it and by repeating the double-click it is possible to restore the previous state.  The separate toolbar of the “Table View” window is located in the second row at the top of the “Vebko AMPro” software in the “Sequencer” room. By using the “New State” option, it is possible to create a new “State”. This “State” will be placed after the last created “State”. This is equal to the “Append” option available by right-clicking anywhere at the top of any “State”. When there are multiple “States”, it is possible to make the intended “State” smaller by double-clicking on it or clicking on the cog icon and selecting “Small Mode”.

By using the “Delete State” option, it is possible to delete a “State”. This option contains “Selected State” and “Unselected State”. As you can see, there is a small square at the top of every “State”. By checking this square, you can select this “State”. If when deleting a “State”, “Selected State” option is selected, all of the states whose “Square” has been checked will be deleted. If “Unselected State” is selected, all “States” whose square has not been checked will be deleted. You can view this option by right-clicking on the ribbon at the top of any “State” and selecting the “Delete” option. Moreover, by selecting a “State” and right-clicking on it and then selecting “Delete” or “Delete State” option from the toolbar, it is possible to delete that “State”.

If the user wishes to add a “State” and place this new “State” in a specific order, they can use “Insert Before” and “Insert After” options. In this case, the user clicks on a “State” and then selects “Insert Before” to add a new “State” with similar information before the current “State”. By clicking on a “State” for the second time, the user can place the new “State” after the current “State” by selecting “Insert After”. It is, also, possible to view these options by right-clicking on any “State”.

To create an impedance shot in the “Sequencer” room, “Insert Z Shot” option can be used. By selecting this option, a window named “Insert Impedance Shot” opens where you can adjust the value of the parameters. In “Line Parameters” section, impedance of the line as well as its angle can be specified. To change these values, you should go to the “TestObject” page in the “Distance” block. In “Fault Parameters”, the error information is specified. The type of the error, the location of the error in form of a relation of length of the line and the error current are specified in “Fault Type” section, “Location” and “Itest” section respectively.

In “Time Setting” section, the time related to “Prefault”, “Maxfault” and “Postfault” “States” and also the delay time of the circuit breaker operation is specified. This value should be adjusted from the “CBConfiguration” block in “TestOject” page. In “Trigger/Measurement” section, the reception contact of “Trip” signal is specified and in the slide bar of that section, the active binaries of the device are displayed. You can see that only the binary number one is active here. Also, in “Tnom”, “Tdev+” and “Tdev-“section, it is possible to adjust the nominal time for reception of “Trip” with the values of positive and negative tolerance for evaluation of the test in the “Measurement View” window. By selecting the "Insert Z Shot" option, three "States" are created consecutively after the current "State” with the names of "Prefault", "Maxfault" or "L1L2L3, 100%" and "Postfault". This can be done, also, by right-clicking on any of the “States” and selecting “Insert Z Shot”.

The “Default State” option in the right-click menu of “States” returns all values of “States” to the default settings in the “Device” block in “TestObject” page. “Select File to Merge” option is used when the user wishes to import the information of several “States” to his page from a saves test file. By selecting this option, the corresponding window opens and in “Select File” section, by selecting “Browse”, you can select your intended file. By doing so, the “States” existent in the intended file are displayed. By checking any of these “States”, you can select that “State” to import its information to the current page. Then, in the section related to “Insert Information”, the intended location for importing the “State” is specified. In “Location” section, it is specified that the “State” should be added before or after the current “State” and in “Current State” section, it is possible to determine the current “State”. Finally, by selecting “Add” you can import the information.

The next option is “Copy & Paste of State” and by selecting it, the corresponding window opens. In “States List For Copy” section of this window, the list of currently available “States” opens and by checking any of them, it is possible to select the information of that “State” for copying and in the “Options For Paste” section, just like the previous part, the location for pasting the “State” is specified. Also, in “Repetition” section, you can specify how many times this copying procedure is to be repeated. You can do this by using the options available in the right-click menu or any “State”. By clicking on “Paste State”, you can paste the copied “State” information to the current “State”. If the user has changed the name of “States” and wishes to restore the default name of the “States”, the “Correct Names of States” option can be used.

The last part has two options which are related to displaying the signal of “States” in the “Signal View” window. By selecting “All States”, it is possible to view the voltage and current signals of all “States” in “Signal View” but if “Current State” is selected, it is only possible to view the signals of the current “State” in the “Signal View”. At the left of the toolbar, the number of “States” and “State” numbers are displayed. In this section, it is possible to move to after and before the current “State” as well as the last and first “State” by using “Next State”, “Previous State”, “Last State” and “First State” respectively.

After creating different “States” for the test in “Table View” window, it is necessary to specify the details of each “State” separately in “Detail View” window. To open this window, click on “Detail View” from the “View” menu or click on “Detail View” icon from the toolbar at the top of the page. you can Also keep “Alt” key and press left click or press mouse scroller to open “Detail View” as “Pop up” Style.

“Analog Out” tab: Generally, in the “Analog Out” tab, the details related to each “State” including output voltage and currents of the device, the type of “State”, the state of input and output binaries of the device, the ending conditions of each “State” and some other settings are mentioned.

“Binary Out” tab: In this tab, the settings related to opening and closing the active output binaries of the device and their connection with each other are adjusted.

“Trigger” tab: In “Trigger” tab, the ending conditions of each “State” and some settings related to the “Overcurrent” errors of the device are adjusted. Moreover, the comments of the testing person are recorded in the comment box of this section.

“Serial” tab: This tab is used to send a series of hardware codes in form of a “Packet” from the “AMT” to an external instrument.

“Report Setting” tab: This tab is used for the report settings of every “State”. It is possible to add or remove the characteristics of the selected “State” to or from the report. In future videos, every introduced section along with its details will be explained separately.

In the beginning of this video, we close the “Measurement View” window and change the size of other windows. In “State Type” section, the type of “State” is selected from the “State Type” dropdown field and in the “State Name” field a name (Vebko) is selected for the “State”.

In “Set Mode and Fault Type” section, the outputs of the device are specified according to parameters and types of faults. For example, in “Direct” mode, the output voltage and current of the device are determined directly but in “Line-Line” mode, the user specifies values of the line voltage and the zero sequence voltage, and the device produces the output voltage and current values in accordance with those other values. It should be noted that in this video, the instruction is done in “Direct” mode and descriptions about different “Set Modes” will be provided in future videos.

In “Binary Outputs” box, the state of binary Outputs of the device are specified where the user can enable or disable any binary according to the condition of the test. Moreover, from the “Binary Out” tab the user can adjust the settings related to binary Outputs in more details.

In “Binary Inputs” section, the state of active binaries of the device and the reception time of contact is specified.  “Trigger setting” section: In “Comment” field, the user can add a note about the current “State”. This note is, also, viewable from the “Table View” window, “Comment” field. In “State Termination” section, the user determines the conditions for termination of the current “State” and initiation of the next “State”. In “Timeout” field, the signal injection time is determined by the user and after that the test ends or goes to the next “State”.

If the user wishes to specify conditions to terminate the current “State” according to reception of “Pickup” and “Trip” signals from the relay, they need to use the “Use binary trigger condition as specified below” option. To do this, first, the needed binaries should be enabled from the “Hardware Configuration” page. Then, in “Binary Trigger Condition” section, the condition of each binary for terminating the current “State” is specified. The conditions that the user can use are mentioned in the slide bar in front of each contact.

Condition “0”, no contact has been received by the binary. Condition “1”, the binary, has received “Pick Up” or “Trip” contact. Condition “0 -> 1”, the binary is first in “0” condition (no contact received) and then “Pick up” or “Trip” contact is received. In this condition, it is necessary for the binary to detect “0” to “1” signal. Condition “1 -> 0”, the binary is, at first, in condition “1” (contact received) and then the contact is removed from the binary. In this condition, it is necessary for the binary to detect “1” to “0” signal. Condition “1 -> 0”. “0 -> 1”, if the binary detects any of the conditions “0 -> 1” or “1 -> 0”, the termination command of “State” is made. Condition “X” means there is no condition determined for “State” termination of this binary. It should be noted that if more than one condition is determined for “State” termination, the user needs to choose one logic from “AND” and “OR” logics from the “Trigger Logic” section to apply to the determined conditions. By using the “AND” logic, to terminate the “State” all conditions should be met while by using “OR” logic, if any of the conditions is met, the “State” is terminated.

It should be noted that all this setting can be adjusted in “Binary Inputs” box by checking “Trigger Condition”. In this section in “Detail View” window, by checking “Show Time from this State” option, the contact reception time origin since the current “State” started is specified. Also, if you wish only for the last binaries state change to be displayed, check “Show only last change” and select one from among “1”, “0” and “0&1” radio-buttons in accordance with your needs. “0&1” option displays the last state of zero and one. It should be reminded that in the default mode of the software, if the binary is open circuited, it means that no contact is received and when the two ends of the binary are short circuited it means that contact has been received. This setting can be adjusted by changing the value of each binary from “True” to “False” in “Reverse” column of the “Hardware Configuration” page.

For example, from the “Hardware Configuration” window and “Binary / Analog Input”, 6 binaries are selected with specific active “Targets”. Then, in “Trigger” section, the conditions of the binary are set at "0"، "1"،"1 ˃˗ 0"، 0 ˃˗ 1، 0 ˃˗ 1 . 1 ˃˗ 0 and X and “OR” is selected as the logic between them. In this case, by fulfilling any of condition, the current state is terminated but if “AND” logic is selected, all conditions must be fulfilled for the “State” to be terminated.

Note that in “State Termination” section, between “Time Out”, “Space Key Press” and “Use Binary trigger condition as specified below” there is an “OR” logic and if they are selected simultaneously, if any of the conditions is fulfilled , the current “State” is terminated. By using “Trigger Logic Minimum Time”, the user specifies that how long the determined condition should last for the “State” to be terminated. It should be noted that this feature only works on conditions “1” and “0”.

In the field related to “Delay after Binary Trigger”, the user makes a delay time between when the condition is fulfilled and when the “State” is terminated. For example, to simulate key performance delay, if 50 milliseconds is entered in this field, the current “State” is terminated after a 50 milliseconds delay and the key cutoff time is simulated. View videos of “Synchronizer Room” to see how “Synchronizer Mode” works.

In “Other Setting” section, by checking “Disable Error Other”, errors of “Other” type are disabled in the current “State”. Also, by checking “Disable Error Overvoltage of Binary”, the “Overvoltage” errors of the analog binary inputs of the device are disabled in the current “State”.

In the "Error/Trigger Overcurrent" box a condition for the software overcurrent error or the termination of the state in case high current extraction is specified. By selecting "Overcurrent trigger" if the current extracted is more than 2A from the device, current state terminate. Therefore the software applies the next "state" and if it’s the last "state" the test ends without giving any error message.

In “Overcurrent” section, the user adjusts the settings related to “Overcurrent” error of the outputs of the voltage outputs. Note that the maximum current of each output is 400 milliamps and 2amps in transient state. In the field related to “Percent Error Overcurrent”, the maximum voltage output current is specified in percent and in the field related to “Threshold Error Overcurrent”, the maximum output current is specified as a number for the “Overcurrent” error. For example, if in the “Percent Error Overcurrent” field 90 percent is entered, if the output current of the device reaches to 90 percent of the voltage output current, which is 1.8 amps, the device errors. Also, if in the “Threshold Error Overcurrent” field, 1 amps is entered, as soon as the current drawn from the voltage outputs exceeds 1 amps, the “Overcurrent” error is displayed and the test stops.

“Disable Relay” section: Generally, the device works in a way that there are relays embedded behind all current and voltage outputs of the device. Before the test, all amplifiers of the device are off and all relays are open. By “Running” the test, the amplifiers turn on in 20 milliseconds, then, for 20 milliseconds the device produces a 60 volts voltage and 5 amps current and then examines that there is no “Self-calibration” error. After that, for 20 milliseconds, zero current and voltage are produced behind the current and voltage outputs. After these steps, the relays close. Now, after 100 milliseconds, the voltage and current of the test are created. By doing this before the test, the device is isolated from any outside voltage. Also, the amplifiers are off and the device is silent.

By checking the box next to the title of every output in each “State”, the related relay opens and no more voltage or current is sent to the outputs. For example, to test “Magnetic Balance” of the transformer, it is necessary to open circuit some wiring in some state which it is done by disabling the relay of the related phase in the device.

because “State Type: Quick” is very useful, for this “State Type”, there is a “Layout” named “Default Layout for Quick”  designed for this “State Type” in “Window” menu. In this “Layout”, “Detail View”, “Signal View”, “Impedance View” and “Vector View” windows are located by default.

To describe this “State Type” and to view the outputs, it is better to maximize only “Detail View” and “Signal View” windows. In this “State Type” it is possible to, either manually or automatically, adjust the voltage and current signal output of the device in form of an increasing or decreasing ramp. In this “State Type” the user can create an increasing or decreasing ramp not only on the amplitude of signals but also on phase and frequency values. In “Analog Out” tab in “State Type” section, “Quick” is selected from the slide bar and in the “State Name” field, a name is selected for the intended “State”.

Description about “State Type: Quick” is provided in “General: Direct “mode. In this mode, the voltage and current signals are initialized directly. To create an increasing or decreasing ramp on outputs of the device, information of “Analog Output Channels” and “Step Values” tables should be completed.

In this table the start value of signals is entered which indicates the start point of the ramp. This start value can be entered for all three parameters amplitude, phase and frequency of current or voltage. It should be noted that it is possible to use ramp on both voltage and current signals simultaneously. For example, the start values of voltage signals are “10”, “15”, and “20” volts and “2”, “3” and “4” amps for current signals. Other information related to “Analog Output Channels” has been described before.

In this table, the value of “Step” to increase or decrease signals is entered. In this table it is possible to enter the “Step” value for all three parameters amplitude, phase and frequency. This means that it is possible to increase or decrease all these parameters simultaneously with different or the same amplitudes. At the top of this table, by checking “Simple mode (L1-L2-L3)”, you will have the same steps for all three voltage or current phases. After checking this option in “Voltage” and “Current” sections, the parameter on which we wish to create a ramp is selected from the slide bar in the “Ramp on” section. Then, the “Step” value is entered in “Step Value” field.

After unchecking “Simple mode(L1-L2-L3)”, in “Step Values” table, “1”, “2” and “3” volts are entered for voltage signals as ramp values while for current signals, “0.1”, “0.2” and “0.3” amps are entered as ramp values.  

By checking “Enable mouse wheel” option, if the cursor is on “Step Values” table, by using the mouse wheel, it is possible to increase or decrease the signal values and the specified steps simultaneously. This can be during or even before running the test. It should be noted that these changes are only possible if the ramp is set on “Manual” mode.

In this section by checking “Show Time from final step”, the time from the final step is displayed. One of the uses for this is in measuring the trip time of the relay. By checking “Clear Test after Start Edit” after running the test, if any changes are made to the test, without using the Clear test option, Information and setting can be altered.

By checking the "Enable mouse wheel everywhere" option and holding the mouse pointer over the "Detail View" window, the values of the signals will increase or decrease with the specified steps if the mouse roller is rotated. If the mouse roller is turned upwards, the ramp will be incremental, and if it is rotated downwards, the ramp will be decreasing. This option is also used when the ramp is changed manually. If you also check the "Enable mouse wheel on step Table" option, the output values will change only by turning the mouse roller if the mouse pointer is on the "Step Values" table.

By checking “Show Only Final Trip” option, the trip time is displayed by binary inputs of the last step. In “Time Out” field, the injection time of “State” is specified which is by default in set on “999” seconds in “Quick” mode. In “Quick” mode, the ramp is created either automatically or manually. After running the test if the “Manual” option is selected, the ramp is created manually and by clicking on “˄” and “˅” it is possible to create increasing or decreasing ramp.

If during the test “Auto” option is selected, ramp is created automatically. In "∆t" field the time of each step is specified. By selecting “Up”, the ramp increases automatically and by selecting “Down” it decreases automatically. In “Enable Reset” field, it is possible to specify the reset time of signal value in a way that after checking this option during the test, the signal value is “Reset” for the specified period of time which is determined in “Reset” in “Reset Values” table.

In this “State Type” it is possible to add information and results of the test to the output report by clicking on “Add to report” option. After clicking on this option, by opening the “State and Comment of Report” page, the settings related to the output report are adjusted. In the “Title” field, a title is entered for the output report and in “Show in Report” section from the “Quick” tree diagram, it is specified that what information are to be included in the output report. In “Comment” section, it is possible to add an additional comment or explanation for the report. In “Custom Image” section, you can add an image to the report. In this report, it is the user who determines whether the test was successful or not by clicking on “Passed” option for success and “Failed” option for failure of the test. Then, the result is included in the report which can be viewed in the “Report View” window.

By clicking on “Edit.Delete.Report” option, the “Delete from Report” window opens where it is possible to edit or delete the added reports. It is done by selecting the intended report and clicking on “Edit Selected Report” to edit the report and then clicking on “Passed” or “Fail”. It is, also, possible to delete a report by clicking on “Delete Selected Report”. In the row of every report there are columns like “Trip Time”, “Detail View”, etc. which are added to the report if “True” is selected as their value but “False” is selected, they are removed from the output report.

By clicking on “Swap” at the top of the page, “Quick Setting” and “Ramp Termination” sections are swapped. This is done, according to the user's need, to show the "Ramp Termination" section. In “Ramp Termination” section, the conditions for terminating the “Ramp” are specified. The difference between this section and “State Termination” is that here the signal injection is continued and only step change of signals is terminated but in “State Termination” after the condition is met, the “State” is terminated. The termination conditions of “Ramp” are just like “Trigger Setting” which has been described in previous videos.

By selecting “Reset Value”, it is possible to adjust the “Reset” value for voltage and current signals in “Reset Values” table so if “Apply Reset” is selected during the test, the values of voltage and current signals change to the specified “Reset” values. This feature is useful in tests like “Minimum Voltage to Operate Circuit breaker. By clicking on “Apply Zero”, the values of voltage and current signals are changed to zero. By clicking on “Hold Value”, the values of voltage and current signals remain as they are and do not change.

The information related to "Trigger Setting" has been described in previous videos. By selecting "Offset Value", it is possible to give an offset to the signal in the "Offset Value" table. For example it is possible to give a value of "DC=10" volts to "VLE-1" signal or even give a value of decaying "DC" to the initial voltage. It is also possible to add a harmonic offset to the initial signal by changing the frequency. After repeating the test, all changes made along with their time are displayed in “Changes” section. “Disable Relay” section has been described in previous videos.

To better explain this “State Type”, other than “Detail View” window, “Signal View” window is maximized too so you can view the outputs. In the “Signal View” window, the signal view type is set on “RMS” mode, “Digital” signals are disabled and, to have a better view of the signals, the signals are turned “Bold”.

In this “State Type”, it is possible to set the voltage and current outputs of the device to increasing or decreasing “Ramp. This “State Type” is used when the user wishes to get a threshold for a parameter. It should be mentioned that it is possible to apply this “Ramp” to amplitude, phase and frequency or a combination of these options for voltage and current signals.

It should be noted that, to better understand the concept of “Step Ramp”, only “General: Direct” mode is explained. Creating a “Ramp” output requires three values: start value, step value and final value.

In this section, the start value of “Ramp” is specified and it indicates that from what point the “Ramp” should start. These values can be specified for the three parameters of amplitude, phase and frequency separately. For example, values of voltage in this section are set at 5, 10 and 15 volts. “Binary Output”, “Binary Input” and “Other Setting” sections are explained in previous videos and will not be mentioned here.

In “Step Values” section, the value for every “Step” is specified. These values can be specified for the three parameters of amplitude, phase and frequency separately. For example, the value of “Step” for voltage is set at 1, 2 and 2 volts.

In this section, the final value of the ramp signal is specified which indicates that at what point should the ramp finish. These values can be specified for the three parameters of amplitude, phase and frequency separately. The final value of voltage in this section is 20, 25 and 30 volts.

You can see that the signal of all three voltage phases has reached from the start value to the final value, according to the specified steps, in form of a “Ramp”. In the “Time Setting” box in “Step Ramp Setting” section, the time of each step is specified. This value is 500 milliseconds by default. By checking the “Enable Reset” option, it is possible to allow the signals to “Reset” after a specific time period. In “Reset Time” section, the time of each “Reset” step is specified which is added to the “State” time. To set the value and its parameter you should go to the bottom of the page in “Reset Values” section. This section and “Disable Relay” section has already been described in previous videos.

There are two options in the “Ramp Type” section where the first option, which is “Step Values”, is active by default. By selecting this option, the settings are as described before. As you can see, for example in L1 phase, each “Step” is increased by 1 volt every 500 milliseconds but by selecting “Rate Value per Second”, the number of steps specified in the “Step Values” table is determined as value per second. For example, L1 phase should increase by 1 volt every second. According to the specified “Step Time”, every second, there will be two 500millivolts step.

In “Ramp Description (Errors)” section, steps of the “Ramp”, the total time of the “State” and the errors are described. By using the “Simple Mode” option, it is possible to specify the value of steps of the “Ramp” and the final value of the “Ramp” more easily. By checking the “Simple Mode” option, the settings of “Step Values” and “Final Values” table are disabled and a new section including voltage and current sections are opened.

In these sections, first, the parameter is selected from the slider bar. This slider bar includes amplitude, phase and frequency options. After selecting the parameter, two options are displayed. In the “Step Value” and “Final Value” fields, the step value of the “Ramp” and the final value of the “Ramp” are specified respectively. The difference between this option and the previous state is that in this state all three phases change simultaneously.

An important point in “Ramp” on frequency is that there will be signal jump. So, it is possible that while testing the frequency relays, an appropriate response is not received from the relay; while “Ramping” on a frequency, to keep the signal steady, it is necessary to check the “Continuous in Frequency Step”. By specifying 2Hz as the start value of frequency and 3Hz as the “Step Ramp” and 50Hz as the final value, there will be a frequency jump in the output signal. To view this frequency jump, first, the output signal must be set on “Inst”. As you can see, by checking “Continuous in Frequency Step”, this frequency jump disappears.

This “State Type” is similar to “Step Ramp”. The only difference is that in “Step Ramp” the parameter changes step by step at user-defined time intervals but in “Continuous Ramp”, the parameters increase or decrease continuously with 400 microseconds time steps.

The parameters adjusted for “Continuous Ramp” include start value, final value and total time and the start values are specified in “Start Values” table. Here, the values for voltage signals are 5, 10 and 15 volts. “Binary Output”, “Binary Input” and “Other Setting” sections have been described before and we can skip them. In “Final Values” table the final value of the parameters is specified. Here, the values for voltage signals are 20, 25 and 30 volts.

In “Total Time” field in the “Continuous Ramp Setting” section the total time of the “State” is specified which is linked with the “Timeout” time in “State Termination” in “Trigger” setting. “Trigger”, “Offset Value”, “Error/Trigger Overcurrent” and “Disable Relay” sections have been described in previous videos and more descriptions should not be necessary here.

Another important matter about “Ramp” is that, in addition to put ramp on voltage and current, in “Step Ramp” the user can put ramp on impedance by changing the “Set Mode”. Since the hardware is only capable of recognizing voltage and current and cannot recognize the impedance parameter, and because there are so many impedance parameters, it is not possible to send these parameters to the hardware in every “Step”. So, in “Step Ramp” firstly all values of impedance steps are sent to the software and then measured voltage and current sent to the hardware as an array every time “Step” in “Continuous Ramp” is 400 microseconds, the amount of calculations and arrays is greatly increased and it is not possible for the results of the calculations and created arrays to be sent to the hardware. So, this “State Type” is always carried out in “General: Direct” mode.

In order to better explain this "State Type", in addition to magnifying "Detail View" window, the "Signal View" window is also magnified to observe outputs. As you are aware, based on the Fourier series expansion, a periodic signal can be expressed in terms of the sum of several sinusoidal waves with various coefficients and frequencies. In "Harmonic" State Type, the user can inject voltage signals and harmonic current by"AMT" device. To this purpose, in "Detail View" window,  "Analog Out" tab and "State Type" part, the "Harmonic" State Type is selected from dropdown field. As can be observed, in this"State Type", the user can create and inject a signal with two desired harmonics. To this purpose, first the signal data or main harmonic should be entered in "Analog Output Channels" and the other two desired harmonics in "Free-Order Harmonic #1" and "Free-Order Harmonic #2".

As aforementioned, the main harmonic data are entered in this table. These data include the amplitude, phase, and frequency of each signal. It is noteworthy that the harmonic voltage and current signals can be simultaneously injected by device. For example, the data of three balanced voltage signals with an amplitude of "50" V and a frequency of "50" Hz, and three balanced current signals with an amplitude of "500" milliampere (mA) and a frequency of "50" Hz are entered. Other parts of this section have been explained in previous films.

The data related to the desired "nth" harmonic signal are entered in this table. These data include amplitude, phase, and frequency, which are entered for voltage and current signals. It is noteworthy that the maximum allowed value for frequency is "1500" Hz. For example, the third harmonic data are entered in the table, including three voltage signals with an amplitude of "10" V and a frequency of "150" Hz and three current signals with an amplitude of "300" mA and a frequency of "150" Hz. After data were entered, the waveform corresponding to this signal containing the main and third harmonics is shown in "Signal View" window. During the test, the output waveform and the actual value of harmonic injected by the device can be observed in "Signal View".

The data related to the desired nth harmonic signal are entered in this table. These data include amplitude, phase, and frequency that are entered for voltage and current signals. It should be noted that the maximum allowed value for frequency is "1500" Hz. For example, the fifth harmonic data are entered into the table, including three voltage signals with an amplitude of "5" V and a frequency of "250" Hz and three current signals with an amplitude of "200" mA and a frequency of "250" Hz. After data was entered, the waveform corresponding to this signal containing the main third and fifth harmonics is shown in "Signal View" window. During the test, the harmonic signal injected by the device can be observed in "Signal View". Please note that a decaying DC offset value can be used in this table instead of harmonic signal.

As mentioned before, one of the features of Vebko device and software is relay testing in transient state. To easily access the windows needed for this “State Type”, a “Layout” named “Default Layout for Transient” is designed specifically for this state which is located in the “Windows” menu. This layout includes “Detail View”, “Signal View”, “Measurement View”, “Vector View” and “Impedance View” windows. Here, to have a better view of the “Detail View” window, all other windows is closed. When a fault occurs, the relay saves the fault information and moments before the fault as a “Comtrade” file and provides the user with this file. By using this information it is possible to view impedance or differential trajectory or by injecting the same transient signal, simulate the fault moment and test the relay performance again.

Other than “Comtrade” file with “cfg” extension, there is another file with “dat” extension. These two files have the same name and for the “comtrade” file to be loaded in the software, both files must be together. 

In “Transient Setting” section, the settings related to “comtrade” file are adjusted. By selecting “Import Comtrade”, the “comtrade” file exported from the relay is imported and loaded. Moreover, a list including several “comtrade” files is located in the software. By selecting “Import Comtrade from List” option this list opens and a file can be selected and loaded. After loading a transient file, the data related to that file is loaded in the table of this section. In “Signal” column, name of the output of the device is specified. To change the outputs of this section, “Analog Out” tab in the “Hardware Configuration” page can be used. In “Channel” column, current or voltage signals allocated to output of the device are displayed. By opening the drop down field, it is possible to change the allocated signal.

In “Scale” column, the user can determine a specific percentage of the Transient signal amplitude for injection. In “Min” and “Max” columns, positive and negative amplitudes of signals of “Comtrade” file are specified. In “Pirm.factor” and “sec.factor” columns, the conversion ratio of “VT”s and “CT”s is specified in relation to the “Comtrade” file and it is possible that values of these coefficients are not the some in some files. In that case, the user needs to edit them. For example, here “Prim.factor” is set at 1 kilovolt and by right-clicking on this column and selecting “Apply to all Voltage”, this value is set for other voltages as well.

In “PS” column, it is specified that the information of “Comtrade” is primary or secondary side. If it is “Primary”, in “Min” and “Max” columns the secondary values are placed in “Prim.factor” and “Sec.factor” in accordance with the given conversion ratio. If “Secondary” is selected, in “Min” and “Max” columns, the original values of the file are placed. To calculate the “RMS” value of the signals of “Comtrade” file and displaying it in “Signal View”, first, “Calculate RMS, Phase and Other” option should be checked and then in “Setting” tab, in “Show Type” box, the “RMS” radio button is checked. After seeing signal's "RMS" value, "show type" is get back to the instantaneous state.

By checking “Select All Channel” in “Channel” column, it is possible to select all voltage and current signals existent in the “Comtrade” file for outputs of the device while if this option is unchecked, in the list of every output, it is possible to only select signals from the same type of output. For example, in “VL1-E” output, only voltage signals of the “Comtrade” file are visible. The reason for the existence of this option is that in some transient files, the unit of signals is not given in volt and ampere and the software is not able to differentiate between current and voltage and allocate it to the output of the device. So, it is necessary for the user to manually introduce the voltage and current signals to outputs of the device.

If the user wishes to view the waveform of all voltage, current and digital signals existent in the “Comtrade” file in “Signal View”, he should select “Current State” from the toolbar. Then from the “Setting” tab in “Signal View”, he should select the signals that he wishes to view. But in “All State” state, it is only possible to view the waveform of the outputs of the device in each “State” and not the waveform of all signals in “Single View”. To better analyze the transient signals in “Vector View” window, it is possible to open up to 5 “Vector Views” and, view the vector of different signals in different times. Complementary description about “Vector View” window will be provided in the videos related to this window.

If the current and voltage values allocated to the output of the device which are specified in “Max” and “Min” columns exceed the allowed injection amount of the device, an error message is recorded in the “Errors” section. By selecting the “Limit Voltage and Current of Transient File to Setting”, the amplitude of these signals is limited to the injectable amount by the device. The difference between this option and “Scale” is that by selecting this option, a part of the signal amplitude which is exceeding the allowed amount is cut but in “Scale”, only a coefficient is multiplied by signal amplitude and no part of the signal is cut. The name of the “Comtrade” file is written in “File Name” section.

By right-clicking on “Prim. Factor” column or “Sec. Factor” and selecting “Fill Primary Secondary from Device” option, the “Prim. Factor” and “Sec.factor” values are entered in the “Test Object” page from “Device” block and if “Fill Primary Secondary from Comtrade File” is selected, the values of this column are entered from the “Comtrade” file. In “Sampling Rate” section, the information related to sampling frequency of the device and “Comtrade” file is specified. In “Original” field, the original value of the signal sampling frequency, in “Used” field, the value of used sampling frequency to be displayed in “Signal View” window and in “Frequency” section, the test signal frequency is specified.

If the user wishes to apply a part of the transient waveform to the device, he can use the “Trim Time” section where its start time is specified in “Start Time” section and the end time is specified in “End Time” section. In this section, when the “Comtrade” file is loaded, the time value is extracted from the “Comtrade” file. To inject a part of the transient signal by device, first, the “Current State” option should be selected. Then, by activating “Cursor1” and “Cursor2” in “Setting” of the “Signal View” window, the beginning and end of the signal is specified. Finally by clicking on “Apply from trackbars” option, the values of “Cursors” are entered automatically. Also by selecting “Reset Time” option, these times reset.

One of the applications of “State Type” Transient” is that the impedance and differential trajectories of distance and differential relays could be observed. The meaning of trajectory is the route of the change of differential or impedance characteristic of differential and distance relays in their characteristic curves based on the injected waves to the relay. For this purpose, at first, from the “window” menu, the “Default Layout for Transient” option will be selected so the arrangement of the windows would change. In this arrangement, the “Detail View”, “Signal View”, “Vector View” and “Impedance View” windows are positioned that is used for observing the trajectory.

In the following, the “Detail View” window will be selected from the “State Type” drop down field of the “Transient” state. Then, the “current State” option will be selected from the toolbar on the upper part of the page. By doing this, the signals related to “State Type” in the “Signal View” and “Vector View” will be displayed after entering the “Comtrade” file.

For observing the differential or impedance trajectory, the data related to relay must be loaded in the software so the characteristic curve of the relay would be displayed in the “Impedance View”. In this video, the objective is to show the impedance trajectory of a distance relay.

To do so, the “Test Object” icon will be clicked so the “General Test Object” would be opened. On this page, by having “XRio” ad “Rio” files of the relay, the data of the relay would be entered in two ways. In this video, the data are loaded using the “Rio”. To do so, we will click on the “Import from File” option, the file of “Rio” of the distance relay will be selected and loaded, and the OK option will be clicked. After loading the relay data, the impedance characteristic relay will be displayed in the “Impedance View”.

After entering the relay information, the transient state file that is extracted from the relay should be loaded in the software. As you know, the “Comtrade” output is two files with the format of “CFG” and “DAT”. If these two files are not located in a folder, then, this file will not be loaded in the software. To do this, click on the “Import Comtrade” option and then the intended file will be selected and loaded. Note that if the “Rio” has the same name as the “Comtrade” file and is located in a folder, by loading the “Comtrade” file, the data of the “Rio” file will be loaded automatically. After loading the “Comtrade” file, the voltage and current signals will be displayed in “Signal View” and the information of voltage and the current signal will be displayed in the “Detail View” window. “Calculate RMS…” should be checked to the software calculates the RMS and phase of the voltage and current signals to trajectory display. After this, in the “Signal View” window, the “Setting” tab, the “cursor” option will be checked. After activating the “Cursor”, the impedance trajectory could be observed online in the “Impedance View” by moving the “Cursor 1” in the time axis of “signal View” window. Note that for the differential relays “Comtrade” files, six current phases and for distance relays “Comtrade” files, three current phases and three voltage phases should active. Also, you have to check that the assigned signals to each output to be exactly according to the state that exists in the real state and in case of difference, it should be manually modified.

As mentioned in the “Impedance View” window, the impedance or differential characteristic curve of the relays is displayed. By opening this window, the impedance characteristic curve is displayed by default. This curve displays the line impedance in terms of “R” and “X”. In the “Impedance View”, select the “Differential” icon from the left-side icons for displaying the differential characteristic curve, so the differential characteristic curve of the differential relay would be displayed. This curve will be explained more in the differential trajectory video.

In the “Impedance View” window, by clicking on the “Undo” or “Redo” icons, we can return to the previous or next changes that are done on the characteristic curve. The “Zoom Model” icon places the mouse cursor in the zoomed condition for magnifying a part of the characteristic curve. The “Optimize all” icon will show the characteristic curve shape as a complete curve. The “Zoom In” and “Zoom Out” icons are used for magnifying and zoom out the characteristic curve. Using the “Pan Mode” icon, the characteristic curve could be displaced. By clicking on the “Hide/ Show Toolbox” the existing icons in the “Toolbox” could become hidden and shown again. Using the “Fault Type” icon the fault display can be specified. By clicking on the “Export CSV” from the settings of the relay zones that are checked, a “CSV” format output could be saved. Please pay attention that one CSV file will be given for each zone.

By clicking on the existing gear wheel in the below of this window, some options will be displayed for a better trajectory. By checking the “Between Orange, Green” option, the trajectory will be displayed as a line that its waves are between the orange and green colors in the “signal View”. As a result, the trajectory will be displayed between these two “cursors”. By checking the “all Points” option, the trajectory will be displayed in all the points and at all the times of the “Comtrade” file. In the “Circle.Ref” field, it will be specified that the trajectory will be simultaneously displayed by displacing which cursor on the “Signal View”. Here, by changing the “Cursor” to orange the trajectory changes could be observed. The “ZL1E”, “ZL2E”, “ZL3E”, “ZL1L2”, “ZL2L3” and “ZL3L1” options show the impedance trajectory in different faults. The display of the trajectory of that fault can be deleted from the characteristic curve by unchecking each of them. In the below of each of these options, the coordinates of the impedance point is displayed as the “R” and “X” as online by moving the “Cursor 1” in “Signal View”.

For observing the amounts of voltage and current at each moment, in the “Vector View” window of the “Type” field, the “Orange” option should be checked that is related to orange-colored “Cursor”. Then, the voltage and current values and also the trajectory variations could be observed online by changing this “cursor”.

As already said, one of the functions of the "State Type: Transient" is to observe the impedance and differential trajectories of distance and differential relays. The route trajectory signifies the variation of differential or impedance characteristic curve in differential or distance relays based on the injected wave shapes. To this purpose, at first, from the "Default Layout for Transient" option is selected from the "Window" menu, so the arrangement of windows change proportionally to this test run. In this arrangement, the "Detail View", "Signal View", "Vector View" and "Impedance View" are located in a way to observe the trajectory.

Subsequently, the "Transient" state is selected from the "Detail View" window from the "State Type" slider field. Remember for "Comtrade" files of the differential relay six current phases, three current phases and three voltage phases must be active for "Comtrade" files of distance relay. Also, examine if the assigned signal to each output matches exactly the real condition and in case of any differences you have to correct it manually. At first, six current phases are activated in the "Hardware Configuration" window and the voltage phases are deactivated.

In this video, the objective is to import the relay information and "Comtrade" file simultaneously. This case happens when the "Comtrade" and "Rio" files of the relay have an identical name and saved in one folder. Then, click on the "Import Comtrade" option and the "Comtrade" file of the "7ut613" differential relay is selected. After that, the "Open Comtrade File" message is shown. This message signifies that a "Rio" file with the same name as the "Comtrade" file exists. By clicking on "YES", the "Rio" and "Comtrade" files of the relay are loaded simultaneously and in case of selecting "NO", the "Rio" file won't be loaded and the relay information should be loaded separately. In this video, after clicking on the "YES" option, the "Rio" and "Comtrade" files are loaded simultaneously. After loading the "Comtrade" file, the "Detail View" window should be checked to see if the assigned signals to the current outputs accommodate the real condition or not. In this table, the "3I0" signal is imported instead of the "IL1-M2" signal that is not correct. Therefore, in the "Channel" column, the IL1 (1) slider field is right-clicked and the "IL1-M2" is selected. The "IL2-M2" and "IL3-M2" signals are assigned to fifth and sixth outputs, respectively. Then, from the toolbar on the top of the page, the “Current State" option is selected. By doing this, the signals related to "State Type" is displayed in the "Signal View" and "Vector View" after importing the "Comtrade" file.

Subsequently, click on the "Differential" icon on the "Impedance View" window, so the characteristic curve of the differential relay is displayed. This curve is based on "I bias" and "I diff" that are bias current and differential current, respectively. Remember by selecting the "Differential" curve, proportionally, the name of the window is changed to "Differential Characteristic". After this, the "Cursor" option is checked in the "Setting" tab in the "Signal View" window. Do not forget to check “Calculate RMS…” option which displays the differential trajectory. After activating the "Cursor", by moving the "Cursor 1" over the time axis in the "Signal View" window, the differential trajectory could be observed instantly in the "Differential Characteristic" window. By checking the "All Point" option, the differential trajectory is displayed in all the time of the "Comtrade" file. Other options of the "Differential Characteristic" window are similar to the "Impedance View" window that has been explained in previous educational videos.

In "State Type: Tracking", power swing test or "power swing blocking" of distance relays is done. Power swing protection or "power swing blocking" is performed at the level of power transmission network. In order to conduct "Power Swing Blocking" test, after selecting "State Type: Tracking", the "Impedance View" window should be opened to display the impedance characteristic of relay, because in vebko software, this test is conducted by impedance characteristic.

The power swing blocking test is usually conducted in three-phase fault and "Z-I const." mode. That is why in "Fault Type" field, the fault type has been selected to be "L1-L2-L3" by default. In "Z-I const." mode, the test current is constant and different voltages are generated to create fault impedance. "Analog Output Channels" table data have been created based on this "Set mode". The values of voltage and output current from these data are calculated by software and displayed in "Table View" and adjusted by the device. It should be noted that in "State Type: Tracking" state, the "Ananlog Output Channel" table is "Read Only" and no value can be changed to the table.

At the beginning of this test, data related to distance relay should be entered into the software so that their impedance characteristic can be displayed in "Impedance View". To this purpose, click on "Test Object"; by selecting "Import from list" icon, "XRio Converter" file for distance relay "P441" is loaded.

Then in "File" menu, select "Load Relay Setting" option, and in the opened window of "XRio" file, select distance relay "P441". By unchecking the options in "Matching Algorithm" part, which was previously described, "XRio" file is loaded. Upon clicking on the "OK" option, the relay impedance characteristic is displayed in the "Impedance View" window.

The power swing blocking test is conducted based on the impedance characteristic. In this test, the impedance observed by the relay enters the tripping zone from a zone out of the characteristic curve (No Tripping Zone) and exits rapidly; in this case, the relay must "block" its trip. There is a table next to the impedance characteristic curve in "Impedance View". This table can be used to enter power swing blocking test data.

In order to conduct this test, one point outside the characteristic curve, one point inside the characteristic curve, and again one point outside the characteristic curve should be added. After the points are added in the characteristic curve, it is observed that a row has been added to the right table per point. In the "Num.Step" column of this table, the number of points are entered between the previous point and the selected point and depicted in the impedance characteristic curve.

In "t nom" column, the total time of voltage and current injection corresponding to these are entered. In"I test"   column, the injection current of these points are determined. Considering that the injection is in the form of constant current, the current of all points is constant. The real and imaginary values of the selected point have been entered in "R" and "X" columns, respectively. . Once the table data of this test are completed, this test is ready to be executed and upon clicking "Start" option, the test is conducted.

Using options in "Set Mode" field in "Set Mode and Fault Type" part, the user can introduce certain parameters to software to test in "Analog Output Channels" table and produce the device voltage and the current corresponding to them. The output values of device can be observed in "Table View" window.

Considering test conditions, the "State Types" of "Continuous Ramp" and "Harmonic" are performed only in "General: Direct" mode. Additionally, considering "Power Swing" test conditions, " State Type :Tracking" is performed in "Distance: Z-I const" mode. Note that since in "Transient Type", the values and type of data are extracted from "Comtrade" file, "Set Mode and Fault Type" part does not exist.

The "Set Mode" filed can be put on different modes in the "State Types" of "Step Ramp", "Quick", and "Normal"; in this film we refer to "General" modes. "Analog Output Channels" table in "General" modes has "Signal", "Amplitude", "Phase", and "Frequency" columns.

In this mode, values of voltage signals and the output current of the device are directly determined by adjusting the phase values of voltage signals and the values of current signal lines in "Analog Output Channels" table. In this mode, the frequency value can be determined in "Analog Output Channels" table, but in other modes, the frequency value is obtained from"Test Object". As it can be observed, values of "Analog Output Channels" table have been directly entered in "Table View" window.

In this mode, the output signals values of the device are determined by adjusting the line to line values of voltage and current signals, as well as the value of zero sequence voltage in "Analog Output Channels" table. As it can be observed, the current values in "Analog Output Channels" table have been directly entered into "Table View" window. By changing the zero sequence voltage to 5V, the voltage value of each phase changes to 6 V in the first phase and 4.583 V in other phases based on the defined relations.

In this mode, by adjusting the value of voltage and positive, negative, and zero sequence current in "Analog Output Channels" table, the values of device voltage and current signals corresponding to them are determined. In order to observe these changes, the negative sequence value changes to 5. According to mathematical relations, the value of the first phase and the other two phases was calculated to be 11 V and 4 V, respectively. In addition, by changing the negative sequence current to 2 Amperes, the output values of current changes to 2.391, 3.973, and 1.581 Amperes, respectively.

In this mode, the values of device voltage and output current signals are determined by adjusting the phase value of voltage signals, apparent power, active power, and reactive power in "Analog Output Channels" table. The fourth to sixth rows of apparent power are related to each phase and the seventh row is the apparent row of three phases whose magnitude is determined in "Amplitude" column and their angle is determined in "Phase" column. Moreover, the eights to tenth rows are related to the active and reactive power of each phase, and the eleventh row is related to the active and reactive power of three phases. The active power value is determined in "Amplitude" column and reactive power value is determined in "Phase" column.

As it can be observed, the voltage values in"Analog Output Channels" table are directly entered into "Table View" window and by changing the value of apparent power of three phases to 50 volt-ampere (VA) in" Analog Output Channels" table, the current values in the output change to 1.515 A in the first phase and 4.167 A in the other two phases.

In this mode, first the fault type is selected from the slider bar of "Fault Type" field, then in "Analog Output Channels" table, the value of fault voltage, fault current, and their angle are entered and the values of device voltage signals and output current corresponding to them can be seen in "Table View" window. As single phase to ground fault is selected here, the values of device voltage and output current in that phase are considered to be equal to the value of fault voltage and current in"Analog Output Channels" table.

As mentioned before, using options in "Set Mode" field in "Set Mode and Fault Type" part, the user can introduce certain parameters into software to test in "Analog Output Channels" table and produce the device voltage and the current corresponding to them. 

is used for impedance and distance functions, in this mode, the user enters fault impedance and test current, and the device injects the corresponding current and voltages to it. If user determines the fault impedance in terms of magnitude and angle, the software calculates "R" and "X" values and displays them in the second row. For example, the impedance value of 1 ohm (Ω) has been entered with a 45º angle, and the "R" and "X" values are shown in the second row. If the fault impedance is also adjusted in terms of "R" and "X", the software calculates the impedance and angle and shows it in the first row. For example, the value of "R" and "X" has been adjusted to be 100 milliohm (mΩ) and 50 mΩ, respectively, and the values of impedance and fault angle are shown in the first row. In this case, the test current of 2 A is entered for dual phase fault "L1-L2" and the software calculates the voltage and test current values using mathematical relations and shows them in "Table view". In "Distance: Z-V const" mode, by keeping voltage constant and adjusting it by user, and by adjusting the fault impedance value, the test current value  is calculated using mathematical relations and displayed in "Table View". Additionally, in"Distance: Z-Zs const" mode, the value of fault impedance and  "SIR"  parameter value, which is the ratio of source impedance to fault impedance, are adjusted and the values of current and test voltage are calculated using mathematical relations and are displayed in "Table View".

Now if user wants to consider the fault impedance in terms of a percentage of a parameter, he can use three modes: "Distance: Z%-I const"، "Distance: Z%-V const", and"Distance: Z%-Zs const. " in the "% of" part, it has been determined that fault impedance should be selected as a percentage of line impedance. In the "Z%" part, it is determined that what percentage of the selected value the fault impedance should be, and in "phiZ" part, the impedance angle is adjusted.

In "Distance: Z%-I const" mode, the fault current is constant and the software calculates its corresponding voltage and current based on the fault type and impedance. In addition, the value of fault voltage is constant in "Distance: Z%-V const", and when the user adjusts it, the test current values are calculated by software. Additionally, by adjusting "SIR" parameter in "Distance: Z%-V const" mode, the value of current and test voltage is calculated in software. It should be noted that the current and test voltage values are also calculated using the above mentioned formulas with the difference that the impedance value is selected to be a percentage of the line impedance. For example, in "Distance: Z%-Zs  const" mode, the impedance test point is selected to be 80% of the line impedance with a 40° angle and "SIR" value is adjusted to be 10. Now the values of voltage and test current are calculated using the above mentioned mathematical relations and displayed in "Table View".

If user wants to conduct "OverCurrent" test in this room, he should adjust "Set Mode" on "Overcurrent: ITest" and adjust current, current angle, and voltage for directional functions in "Analog Output Channels" table. In "Table View" page, the values of voltage and test current are calculated based on the selected "Fault Type". For example, for two phase fault "L1-L2", the test current of 1 A with a 40° angle and voltage of 5 V was adjusted and the values of current and test voltage can be observed in "Table View".

Additionally, in order to test differential relays in this room, the user should open "Hardware Configuration" window and disable the voltage outputs and enable all 6 current phases. Then in "Detail View" window adjust the "Set Mode" on "Differential: IBias, Idiff".  By adjusting "IDiff" and"IBias" values to be 0.5 and 7 times of the nominal current in "Analog Output Chnnels" table, the current of different phases is calculated for differential function and displayed in "Table View" window. Pay attention that these values are calculated based on the parameters adjusted in "Differential" block of "Test Object" page, and the user is required to enter the specifications of the protected equipment and tested relay.